Español 1B Unidad 4 El pretérito
Repaso: So far this year in level 1 you have learned: – the present tense ( i.e. I eat, I am eating) – ir + a + infinitive (i.e. I am going to eat) – acabar + de + infinitive (i.e. I just ate) – tener + que + infinitive (i.e. I have to eat) – hay + que + infinitive (i.e. One must eat) – verbs like gustar (i.e. I like to eat…etc) These all use the present tense to make the formulas
A new tense! In Spanish there are two past tenses – The preterite (completed past actions) I ate the pizza. – The imperfect (general past actions) I used to eat pizza.
The preterite tense We will be learning the preterite tense to talk about actions that are completed. This is the second tense you are learning. You will know after this lesson the present tense and the preterite tense.
To form the preterite tense of –AR verbs: -é-amos -aste-asteis -ó-aron
Example: Hablar HabléHablamos HablasteHablasteis HablóHablaron
To form the preterite tense of –ER and –IR verbs: -í-imos -iste-isteis -ió-ieron
Example: comer comícomimos comistecomisteis comiócomieron
Example: escribir escribíescribimos escribisteescribisteis escribióescribieron
Práctica Conjugate the following verbs in your notes in the preterite: – Patinar – Beber – Salir
Spell changes and Irregular verbs in the preterite There are many irregularities in the preterite tense. It will take time to study and learn them. Some spell change examples: – -car, -gar, -zar verbs – 15 irregular verbs (we will learn 5 this year)
-car, -gar, -zar verbs… Verbs that end in –car, -gar, -zar have a spell change in the YO form only. Example –car, -gar, -zar verbs are: practicar, llegar, empezar **Remember that this is in the YO form only, all other forms will conjugate as normal in the preterite.
The –car, -gar, -zar change!!! -car changes to –qué -gar changes to –gué -zar changes to -cé
practicar practiquépracticamos practicastepracticasteis practicópracticaron
llegar lleguéllegamos llegastellegasteis llególlegaron
empezar empecéempezamos empezasteempezasteis empezóempezaron
Some irregular preterite verbs: Ir-to go Ser-to be Hacer-to make/ to do Ver-to see / to watch Dar-to give **There are no accent marks on preterite irregular verbs
ir and ser fuifuimos fuistefuisteis fuefueron
hacer hicehicimos hicistehicisteis hizohicieron
ver vivimos vistevisteis viovieron
dar didimos distedisteis diodieron