1. Repaso del pretérito
el de enero

2. Repaso del pretérito: Verbos regulares -ar
Notes
You will copy the following notes on page 105 of your INB.
The title for this section is:
Repaso del pretérito: Verbos regulares -ar
If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

3. Uses of el pretérito
Use the preterite to talk about completed actions in the past.
Actions that can be viewed as a single event
The beginning or end of an action or event
A series of events such as the action of a story
An action that interrupts another action
An action that happens once or a specific number of times
A specific time period in the past

4. Verbos regulares Most -ar verbs are regular in the preterite.
The endings are:
Stem-changing -ar verbs in the present tense DO NOT stem-change in the preterite.
-ar preterite endings -é
-amos
-aste
-asteis -ó
-aron

5. Repaso del pretérito: Verbos regulares -er/-ir
Notes
You will copy the following notes on page 107 of your INB.
The title for this section is:
Repaso del pretérito: Verbos regulares -er/-ir
If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

6. -er/-ir preterite endings
Verbos regulares
-er and -ir verbs have the same endings in the preterite.
¡ojo!-There are many irregular -er & -ir verbs!
The endings are:
Stem-changing -er verbs in the present tense, DO NOT stem-change in the preterite.
Stem-changing -ir verbs in the present tense, DO change in the preterite, (but in a different way) in the third person (we will talk about this another time).
-er/-ir preterite endings -í
-imos
-iste
-isteis
-ió
-ieron

7. Repaso del pretérito: -car, -gar, -zar
Notes
You will copy the following notes on page 109 of your INB.
The title for this section is:
Repaso del pretérito: -car, -gar, -zar
If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

8. Verbos con -car, -gar, -zar
Verbs that end in -car, -gar, & -zar change only in the yo form in the preterite.
-car → -qué
Sacar (to take out)
saqué
sacamos
sacaste
sacasteis
sacó
sacaron

9. Verbos con -car, -gar, -zar
-gar → -gué
llegar (to arrive)
llegué
llegamos
llegaste
llegasteis
llegó
llegaron

10. Verbos con -car, -gar, -zar
-zar → -cé
almorzar (to eat lunch)
almorcé
almorzamos
almorzaste
almorzasteis
almorzó
almorzaron

11. Repaso del pretérito: los gemelos
Notes
You will copy the following notes on page 111 of your INB.
The title for this section is:
Repaso del pretérito: los gemelos
If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

12. Los gemelos
There are two “sets of twins” in the preterite. They are dar & ver, and ser & ir.

13. Los gemelos Our “gemelos fraternales” are: dar (to give) di dimos
diste
disteis
dio
dieron
ver (to see/to watch) vi
vimos
viste
visteis
vio
vieron

14. Los gemelos Our “gemelos idénticos” are: ser (to be) fui fuimos fuiste
fuisteis
fue
fueron
ir (to go)
fui
fuimos
fuiste
fuisteis
fue
fueron

15. El pretérito: Irregular stems
Notes
You will copy the following notes on page 111 of your INB.
The title for this section is:
El pretérito: Irregular stems
If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

16. Irregular Stems
There are nine irregular stem verbs in the preterite.

17. Irregular Stems They are: Their irregular stems are:
andar (to walk) estar (to be) tener (to have) saber (to know information) poder (to be able to) poner (to put on/to become) querer (to want) venir (to come) hacer (to do/to make)
anduv- estuv- tuv- sup- pud- pus- quis- vin- hic-

18. Irregular stem endings
Irregular Stems
Irregular stems in the preterite use a mixture of both -ar and -er/-ir endings.
¡ojo!: In the third person singular, the c in hacer changes to a z giving us hizo.
Irregular stem endings -e
-imos
-iste
-isteis -o
-ieron

19. El pretérito: -j stem verbs
Notes
You will copy the following notes on page 113 of your INB.
The title for this section is:
El pretérito: -j stem verbs
If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

20. -j stem verbs Verbs that end in -cir have an irregular stem.
The -c → -j. Here are six examples of -j stem verbs.

21. -j stem verbs They are: Their irregular stems are:
conducir (to drive) decir (to say/to tell) traducir (to translate) producir (to produce) introducir (to introduce) *traer (to bring)
conduj- dij- traduj- produj- introduj- traj-

22. -j stem verbs -j stem verbs use a mixture of both -ar and
-er/-ir endings, with an exception for the third person plural.
-j stem endings -e
-imos
-iste
-isteis -o
-eron

23. El pretérito: Stem-changing -ir verbs,
Notes
You will copy the following notes on page 115 of your INB.
The title for this section is:
El pretérito: Stem-changing -ir verbs,
If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

24. Stem-changing -ir verbs
-ir stem-changing verbs in the present tense do stem-change in the preterite.
They only stem-change in the third person. The new stem-changers are:
e → i o → u

25. Stem-changing -ir verbs
They are known as sandal verbs.
pedir (to ask for)
pedí
pedimos
pediste
pedisteis
pidió
pidieron
dormir (to sleep)
dormí
dormimos
dormiste
dormisteis
durmió
durmieron

26. Stem-changing -ir verbs
e → i
o → u
repetir sentirse vestirse divertirse preferir mentir seguir servir despedirse conseguir
morir

27. El pretérito: double vowels
Notes
You will copy the following notes on page 117 of your INB.
The title for this section is:
El pretérito: double vowels
If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

28. Double vowel verbs
Double vowel verbs are -er & -ir verbs whose stems end in a vowel.

29. construir (to construct)
Double vowel verbs
In the third person, the i changes to a y, giving us the endings yó & yeron.
incluir (to include)
incluí
incluimos
incluiste
incluisteis
incluyó
incluyeron
construir (to construct)
construí
construimos
construiste
construisteis
construyó
construyeron

30. Double vowel verbs
Vowel stems that end in an -a, -e or -o, receive an accented í in all of the forms.
leer (to read)
leí
leímos
leíste
leísteis
leyó
leyeron
caerse (to fall down)
me caí
nos caímos
te caíste
os caísteis
se cayó
se cayeron
oír (to hear) oí
oímos
oíste
oísteis
oyó
oyeron