Disentangling the effects of multiple stressors in lakes; should we use littoral benthic invertebrates? Rebeka ŠILING, Gorazd URBANIČ Institute for Water.

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Presentation transcript:

Disentangling the effects of multiple stressors in lakes; should we use littoral benthic invertebrates? Rebeka ŠILING, Gorazd URBANIČ Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia, SFS 2016, Running on empty

Accelerated rate of transformations International laws (European Water Framework Directive) Bioassessment programs. Link between littoral benthic invertebrates and stressors. Hierarchical ranking scheme of environmental factors (reflecting natural characteristics and various stressors) Analyze responsiveness of taxa along gradients. Introduction

Assessment system development program. 13 lakes (114 sites; 122 samples ). Lowlands to mountain foothills (physical and chemical parameters; invertebrates). Data part of the national monitoring. Methods

Data Abundances Identification Storage of samples in 70% ethanol. FIELD LABORATORY Proportional stratified sampling approach (Urbanič et al., 2012). 500 µm mesh-size hand net.

Land use in catchment with GIS. Eutrophication parameters mean annual values. Fish stocking stocked fish species and their biomass (Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia). Lakeshore modification index (LMI)calculation (Peterlin and Urbanič, 2013). 38 variables Landscape charactersitics Land use Eutrophication Fish stocking Hydromorphological alteration Lake-year units 32 samples Sampling site 122 samples Data

Hydromorphological alteration Eutrophication Land use Landscape characteristics Fish stocking Spearman rank correlations Friedman test Analysis Transformations Year/coordinatesYear Normalization of species scores (common scale from 0 to 1) Tolerance values pCCA tolerance values Tv < >1 Environmental gradient

Hierarchy Spatial scale

Gradients Lake morphometry (53%) Catchment size (23%) Intensive agriculture (50%) Urbanization (26%)

Gradients Nutrients (51%) Ammonium(20%) Omnivorous fish (39%)

Gradients Littoral alteration (27%) Substratum (17%)

Natural Natural/ Stressors a a ab bc cd cd cd d e Responses (Friedman test)

a ab abc abc abc bc cd cd d Tolerance (Friedman test)

Catchment scale factors should be considered prior to local scale factors. Nine gradients - two natural and seven stressors. Discern the effects of natural characteristics, hydromorphological alteration, fish stocking, eutrophication and urbanization. Key stressors can be assessed using taxonomical composition of littoral benthic invertebrates. Conclusions Development of varied stressor-specific indices based on littoral benthic invertebrates.

Thank you! This study was supported by the Slovenian Research Agency (Contract No ) and Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning of the Republic of Slovenia.