Warm Up Question (April 4) What is the difference between an apprentice and a journeymen?

Church Dominates Church’s most important achievement was converting people of Western Europe to Christianity Anyone who was not part of the church was suspicious.

Parish Priest The priest of the parish was often the only contact people had with the Church. Celebrated mass and administered the sacraments Christians believed participation in the sacraments would lead them to salvation or the everlasting life with God.

Village Church/Cathedrals Church was the social center and a place of worship. Daily life revolved around the Christian calendar. Church required people to pay a tithe or tax equal to tenth of their income. Cathedrals were often built in Gothic style.

Women Women were equal in the eyes of God. Women were seen as weak and easily led to sin. Churches could fine men who injured their wives. Churches often punished women more harshly than men. The church frowned upon women learning

Monastic Life Some men and women withdrew from life to become monks and nuns They devoted their entire lives to spiritual goals

Benedictine Rule A monk named Benedict organized a monastery in Central Italy He created life rules for monks and nuns called the Benedictine Rule. Monks and nuns took 3 vows 1) Obedience to Church 2) Live a life of Poverty 3) Chasity (purity)

Service and Scholarship Monasteries provided basic health and educational services Monks and nuns looked after the poor and sick and set up schools for children. Educated monks wrote and taught Latin

Who Has the Power?  The pope claimed papal supremacy giving pope authority over kings, emperors and secular rulers.  Churches Power o Economic = land holdings and estates o Political = own armies, educated church officials served in the courts

Medieval Church  Church’s spiritual power Breaking the church’s moral laws, or canon law, could lead to excommunication or unable to receive the sacraments. No sacraments = if you die you will go to hell. Rulers feared the interdict = everyone under the king is also excommunicated

Problems With Church Discipline weakened, corruption set in Monks and nuns began to ignore their vows of poverty Priests focused more on family than religious duties (at time could be married) Some clergy lived in luxury Church ruled the courts because educated were also church officials.

Economic Recovery Sparks Change

Technology Improves Farming Peasants began using horses Peasants used iron plows to plant more crops. The population tripled between

Results of More Food Warfare declined More people began to travel Trade routes expanded Towns & cities grew

Money People sought capital, banking grew. Merchants formed partnerships and developed insurance. Serfs became tenant farmers, paid rent.

Guilds Merchants and artisans formed middle class and built guilds A child would first be an apprentice, or trainee. Guild members were called journeymen.

Medieval Cities High walls & narrow streets Cities always had a church Overcrowded and smelled