ACTRAV/ITC-ILO COURSE Turin Centre 16 to 27 February 2015 A ACTRAV/ITC-ILO COURSE Trade Unions Policies for Decent Work Generation for Young Workers Turin Centre 16 to 27 February 2015 The ILO’s Response to the Youth Employment Crisis: A Call for Action

Give Young People Multiple Pathways To Decent Work The 2005 ILC Resolution concerning youth employment called for an approach that combines macroeconomic and microeconomic interventions, addresses both labour demand and supply, both the quantity and the quality of employment Integrated and coherent approach Macro and micro interventions Labour demand and supply Quantity and quality of employment

600 Million Jobs Needed: A Formidable Challenge Given The Current Economic Crisis …If No Change In The Policy Environment 40 million new labour market entrants annually 200 million already unemploye d in of which 75 million are youth 600 million jobs over the next 10 years

Aspirations for Jobs, Freedom and Social Justice are Triggering Youth Led Protests Across the World

The 2012 ILC General Discussion of Youth Employment Crisis

The Youth Employment Crisis: A Call for Action The 2012 ILC Conclusions:  Underscore a renewed commitment for stepping up the implementation of the 2005 ILC resolution;  Call for urgent action in view the new crisis situation; and  Provide guidance on the way forward.

Guiding Principles Guiding principles include: Develop a set of policy responses that are multi-pronged, coherent and context-specific Full employment should remain a key objective Effective policy coherence across economic, employment, education and training and social protection policies is required Promote the involvement of social partners in policy development A well-balanced policy mix that encourages more employers to invest and generate new job opportunities for young people 7

Continues… Ensuring all programs and policies respect the rights of young workers and are gender-sensitive Addressing mismatches between available jobs and skills of youth which limit access to employment opportunities Promoting youth entrepreneurship with the aim of encouraging the growth of sustainable enterprises, including cooperatives and social enterprises, in rural and urban areas Innovative and multi-stakeholder partnerships Inspire context-specific and concrete actions Effective monitoring, evaluation, and reporting of policies to inform further action Youth are part of the solution! 8

Five Main Policy Areas of Intervention Employment and Economic Policies for Youth Employment Employability – Education, training and skills, and the school-to- work transition Labour Market Policies Youth Entrepreneurship and Self- employment Rights for Young People

The Way Forward Employment & economic policies for youth employment:  Implement policies that promote full, productive and freely chosen employment, informed by the Employment Policy Convention, 1964 (No. 122).  Promote pro-employment macroeconomic policies and fiscal incentives.  Assign the highest possible priority to youth employment in national and international development frameworks with the involvement of social partners underpinned by an integrated and time-bound national action plans for decent employment with measurable outcomes  Prioritize job-generating growth policies and programs and targeted interventions for young people 10

Continues…  Anchor a job-friendly development agenda in industrial and sectoral policies that can: -Facilitate structural transformation informed by long-term development strategies, industrial policy and industrial development; -Contribute to an environmentally-sustainable economy; -Boost greater public and private investment in sectors that create decent jobs for young people.  Involve social partners in policy decision-making through regular tripartite consultations.  Promote an enabling policy & regulatory environment to fast-track the transition to formal employment and decent jobs.  Establish and strengthen monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to measure impact and improve policy instruments. 11

Continues… Employability – Education, training & skills, & school-to-work transition:  Guarantee access by all to free quality and relevant basic education;  Improve the links between education, training and the WoW through: - Social dialogue on skills mismatch; - Standardization of qualifications in response to labour market needs.  Improve the range & types of apprenticeships by: - Complementing learning at the workplace with more structured institutional learning; - Upgrading the training skills of master crafts-persons and trainers overseeing the apprenticeships; - Including literacy training and livelihood skills; - Strengthening community involvement, especially to open more occupations for youth.  Expand the reach of formal education & training through distance- learning strategies & support for TOT; 12

Continues…  Include job-search techniques & career guidance in school curricula;  Set-up employment information and assistance services including: -Job seekers registration services; -Counselling centres for employment; -Job vacancies registration services; -Vocational guidance and counselling centres; -Matching job seekers to job vacancies centres  Social partners to: - Contribute to the design, implementation and monitoring of education, training and lifelong learning policies and programmes aimed at improving responsiveness to the WoW; -Engage in CB of terms and conditions of work of interns & apprentices; -Encourage enterprises to provide internship & apprenticeships places; -Raise awareness about labour rights of young workers, interns and apprentices. 13

Continues… Labour Market Policies:  Review LMP&P to ensure that they contribute to job creation for young people.  Allocate adequate resources to labour market policies, including PEPs as key instruments to promote youth employment.  Integrate & sequence various components of ALMP targeting both demand and supply measures to ease transitions from school to work.  Strengthen the LMIS as a core instrument for decision-making and enhancing job-search skills.  Link income support to active work search and participation in ALMPs.  Focus on rural youth as a priority group through targeted development policies and programmes. 14

Continues… Youth entrepreneurship and self-employment:  Provide an enabling environment for SMEs, cooperatives and solidarity economy that support youth entrepreneurship to thrive.  Promote youth entrepreneurship through improvement of their access to productive assets.  Facilitate access by MEs to public procurement, in line with the provisions of the Labour Clauses (Public Contracts) Conventions, 1949 (No. 94), where ratified.  Facilitate transition of young entrepreneurs from informality to formality.  Include entrepreneurship into the educational curricula.  Social partners to engage governments in the design and delivery of entrepreneurship polices and programs. 15

Continues… Rights for young people:  Adopt a rights-based approach to youth employment by ensuring that policies to promote youth employment do not disregard nor weaken the protection of labour rights;  Ensure that young people receive fair treatment and are accorded rights at work;  Commit to develop youth employment policies consistent with national obligations and taking into account ILS;  Ensure that labour laws and CBAs are effectively enforced;  Extend adequate Social Protection to young workers to facilitate their transitions into stable employment and DW;  Promote and protect young workers’ rights to organise and bargain collectively; 16

Continues…  Target OSH promotion and training to young workers, including pre- employment and induction training;  Ensure that minimum wages set either by law or CBAs for young workers are observed;  Develop a coherent and consistent wage-policy framework in consultation with social partners;  Design, monitor and properly supervise policy measures such as wage subsidies to guarantee that they are time-bound, targeted and not abused;  Embed workers’ rights in school curricula as an effective way of improving attitudes towards workers’ rights; 17

Continues…  Establish and strengthen monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to measure impact and to improve policy instruments;  Employers’ organisations should give serious consideration, as appropriate, to, and workers’ organisations should: -Promote and encourage the greater participation and representation of young people in their organisations; -Increase young people’s voice in social dialogue; -Raise awareness of their members about young workers’ rights; -Actively participate in the implementation of young workers’ rights. 18

The End! Any Questions?