Plant & Reactor Design Passive Reactor Core Cooling System

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Presentation transcript:

Plant & Reactor Design Passive Reactor Core Cooling System Pressurized Core Flooding Tanks (Accumulators) 75% cold borated water 25% nitrogen / inert gas (pressurizer) Normal condition: Check valves closed due to greater reactor pressure Accident Incident: Check valves open due to reactor pressure drop One-time, preliminary cooling system

Plant & Reactor Design Passive Reactor Core Cooling System Elevated Tank Circulation Loops (Core Make-up Tanks) Contains cold borated water Tank inflow (top) is connected to reactor coolant system Accident Incident: Cold borated water flows into hot reactor core & back into the tank Short-term cooling system (no heat exchanger)

Passive Reactor Core Cooling System Elevated Gravity Drain Tanks Plant & Reactor Design Passive Reactor Core Cooling System Elevated Gravity Drain Tanks Similar to accumulator, except this is driven by gravity rather than pressurized gas Accident Incident: Check valves open when weight of borated water is greater than reactor pressure Borated water volume sufficient to flood entire reactor cavity One-time, preliminary cooling system

Plant & Reactor Design Passive Reactor Core Cooling System Passively Cooled Steam Generator Natural Circulation Incorporated in PWRs to remove heat from steam generators Leaves steam generator undamaged from overheating during accident Continuous cooling system

Plant & Reactor Design Passive Reactor Core Cooling System Passive Residual Heat Removal (PRHR) Heat Exchangers Similar to passively cooled steam generator natural circulation (previous) Incorporated in PWRs to remove heat directly from reactor core rather than steam generator Continuous cooling system during accident

Plant & Reactor Design Passive Systems for Containment & Pressure Suspension Containment Passive Heat Removal / Pressure Suppression Systems Steam vented into the containment condenses on incline tubes (red) Reduces temperature & pressure in containment Cooling water flows due to natural circulation (heated water rises)

Plant & Reactor Design Passive Systems for Containment & Pressure Suspension Passive Containment Spray Systems Hear transferred from containment wall to air outside the wall Heat outside the containment wall is cooled by cooler air blown from the bottom Pool on top of containment accelerates cooling process via gravity driven cold water spray