Rotavirus: advocacy slides These slides are intended to support your advocacy efforts. Please incorporate those that may be useful to you in your presentations. For questions, please contact msauer3@jhu.edu. Special thanks to the ROTA Council’s Partners for their technical guidance and expertise in developing these slides: Johns Hopkins University, PATH, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Diarrhea

Diarrhea: global problem Diarrhea is a leading cause of death in children under age 5, responsible for nearly 800,000 deaths1 It’s common. More than 1.7 billion cases occur annually in children under 51 It can cause severe dehydration and lead to hospitalization or death1 Diarrhea has lasting repercussions for children2 Major contributing factor to malnutrition Leads to growth delays Children are 8.5 more times likely to die from any cause after an episode 1WHO Diarrheal Disease Factsheet 2013 2Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS), Kotloff, Lancet, May 2013

Diarrhea: a leading cause of child death Diarrhea causes 10% of deaths in children under 5 ~800,000 child deaths attributed to diarrhea Child Health Epidemiology Reference Group; Liu, Lancet, 2012

Diarrhea: devastating impact Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS), Kotloff, Lancet, May 2013

Diarrhea: causes are clear Rotavirus is 1 of 4 pathogens causing the majority of moderate-to- severe diarrhea in children under age 5 Rotavirus is the #1 cause of diarrhea in infants (0-11 months) GEMS, Kotloff, Lancet, May 2013

Diarrhea: hospitalizations in children Rotavirus the leading cause of hospitalizations for diarrhea in children Rotavirus causes ~40% of all diarrhea hospitalizations in children under 5 Parashar, Emerging Infections Diseases, 2006 Parashar, EID, 2003

Rotavirus

Rotavirus: common and severe Most common cause of severe diarrhea among children1 Highly contagious and resilient2 Improvements in hygiene, sanitation and drinking water do not adequately prevent rotavirus1 Almost every child is infected by age 5, rich or poor, regardless of where they live1 Most infections occur in very young children1 1WHO Rotavirus Position Paper, 2013 2Ansari, Rev Infect Dis, 1991

Rotavirus: treatment and prevention Without access to treatment for the severe dehydration it can cause, rotavirus can be a death sentence Rotavirus cannot be treated with antibiotics or other drugs Prompt treatment with oral rehydration therapy (ORT) can be effective in treating mild infections Many of the world’s poorest children do not have access to ORT, despite the fact that it is effective and inexpensive Rotavirus prevention by vaccination is key to improving child survival ORT coverage is only in ~30% of places where the most diarrhea deaths occur1 1 Santosham, Lancet, 2010

Rotavirus: deadly Rotavirus is the leading cause of death due to diarrhea in young children More than 1,200 children die each day from rotavirus Responsible for 5% of all deaths in children under 5 95% of rotavirus deaths occur in low-income countries eligible for GAVI support Tate, Lancet, 2011

Estimated global rotavirus deaths, 2008 Total deaths = 453,000

Rotavirus deaths: top 10 countries Five countries (India, Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia and Pakistan) accounted for more than half of all rotavirus deaths in children under age five in 2008 WHO. Estimated rotavirus deaths for children under 5 years of age in 2008

Rotavirus: devastating burden 14 Rotavirus: devastating burden Responsible for millions of hospitalizations and clinic visits annually Accounts for approximately 40% of all diarrhea-related hospitalizations Parashar, Emerging Infections Diseases, 2006 Parashar, EID, 2003 Sample photo provided by Johns Hopkins University/IVAC, you can also include your own

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