All Planets Comparison

Terrestrial /Jovian SizeMassDistance from sun Period of Revolution Terrestrial2 nd small est Less massive than Earth.387 AU (35,983,095 miles ) Perihelion= A.U. Aphelion= AU 88 days (.24 years) (118,557 mph), 176 Days= 1 rotation

SatellitesComposition of ATM Special features NoneLittle to no ATM Temp swings: 467 Celsius to -183 Celsius Escape velocity=4.3 km/s

Terrestrial /Jovian SizeMassDistance from sun Period of revolution Terrestrial Smaller than Earth But bigger than mercury Less massive than Earth, but more massive than Mars.723 AU (67,237,910 miles ) Perihelion= A.U Aphelion= 0.728AU 1 Rotation= 243 Earth days Revolution= 225 days Venus rotates retrograde (.62 year)

SatellitesCompositionSpecial features NoneCarbon dioxide, sulfur & nitrogen Escape velocity=10.4 km/s Covered by thick, rapidly spinning clouds that trap surface heat, Atm made of CO 2, temp 450 C, surface pressure is 90 times that of earth

Terrestrial /Jovian SizeMassDistance from sun Period of revolution Terrestrial Largest of the terrestrial planets, but smaller than the Jovian excluding pluto More massive than the terrestrial planets, but less than the Jovian excluding pluto 1 AU (92,955,820 miles ) Perihelion= 91,400,000 miles Aphelion= 94,500,000 miles 1 Rotation= hrs Revolution= 1 year

SatellitesComposition of Atm Special features MoonNitrogen, Oxygen, water vapor, Argon, Carbon dioxide Contains water in all 3 forms, contains life, has seasons due to tilt Escape velocity=11.2 km/s

Terrestrial /Jovian SizeMassDistance from sun Period of revolution Terrestrial Smaller than Earth Less massive than Earth, Mercury & Venus A.U. Perihelion= AU Aphelion= A.U. 1 Rotation= hours Revolution= Earth years= 1.9 years ( Earth days)

SatellitesComposition of Atm Special features Phobos, Deimos Carbon Dioxide, Nitrogen, Argon Contains ice, Similar seasons (tilt=25.19), Escape velocity=5.0 km/s

Terrestrial Planet Comparison

Crater Comparisons

Asteroid Belt Btwn Mars & Jupiter Small planet like bodies Held in orbit due to gravitational pull btwn sun and Jupiter Debris left over from creation of solar system Baron rocky surfaces

Terrestrial /Jovian SizeMassDistance from sun Period of revolution Jovian Largest in solar system Most massive A.U.Periheli on=4.952 A.U Aphelion= A.U. 1 Rotation= hours Revolution= Earth years

SatellitesComposition of Atm Special features 4 planet sized: Io (volcanically active), Europa,(ocean under frozen crust), Ganymede (largest moon & own magnetic field), and Callisto (icy ocean) &Io EuropaGanymedeCallisto 59 other moons Hydrogen, Helium Escape velocity=60 km/s Missed becoming a star (needed to be 80 times more massive), looks like a miniature solar system, the most moons, Great Red Spot- storm been going for 300 yrs & Red Jr. discovered 2000, has dark rings

1. Metis 2. Adrastea 3. Amalthea 4. Thebe 5. Io 6. Europa 7. Ganymede 8. Callisto 9. Themisto 10. Leda 11. Himalia 12. Lysithea 13. Elara 14. S/2000 J Iocaste 16. Praxidike 1. Metis 2. Adrastea 3. Amalthea 4. Thebe 5. Io 6. Europa 7. Ganymede 8. Callisto 9. Themisto 10. Leda 11. Himalia 12. Lysithea 13. Elara 14. S/2000 J Iocaste 16. Praxidike 17. Harpalyke 18. Ananke 19. Isonoe 20. Erinome 21. Taygete 22. Chaldene 23. Carme 24. Pasiphae 22. Chaldene 23. Carme 24. Pasiphae 25. S/2002 J1 26. Kalyke 27. Magaclite 28. Sinope 29. Callirrhoe 30. Euporie 31. Kale 32. Orthosie 26. Kalyke 27. Magaclite 28. Sinope 29. Callirrhoe 30. Euporie 31. Kale 32. Orthosie 33. Thyone 34. Euanthe 35. Hermippe 36. Pasithee 37. Eurydome 38. Aitne 39. Sponde 40. Autonoe 41. S/2003 J1 42. S/2003 J2 43. S/2003 J3 44. S/2003 J4 45. S/2003 J5 46. S/2003 J6 47. S/2003 J7 48. S/2003 J8 42. S/2003 J2 43. S/2003 J3 44. S/2003 J4 45. S/2003 J5 46. S/2003 J6 47. S/2003 J7 48. S/2003 J8 49. S/2003 J9 50. S/2003 J S/2003 J S/2003 J S/2003 J S/2003 J S/2003 J S/2003 J S/2003 J S/2003 J S/2003 J S/2003 J S/2003 J S/2003 J S/2003 J23

Terrestrial /Jovian SizeMassDistance from sun Period of revolution Jovian 2 nd Largest in solar system 2 nd Most massive A.U. Perihelion= A.U Aphelion= A.U. 1 Rotation= hours Revolution= 29.5 Earth years

SatellitesComposition of Atm Special features 47 moons: Hydrogen, Helium Great White Spot, rings of saturn- Cassini Division, temp -288 F, density is less than water (it would float), core temp 12000K Escape velocity=36 km/s

22. Pandora 23. Phoebe 24. Polydeuces 22. Pandora 23. Phoebe 24. Polydeuces 25. Prometheus 26. Rhea 27. Siarnaq 28. Skadi 29. Suttung 30. Tarvos 31. Telesto 32. Tethys 33. Thrym 34. Titan 35. Ymir 36. S/2004 S7 25. Prometheus 26. Rhea 27. Siarnaq 28. Skadi 29. Suttung 30. Tarvos 31. Telesto 32. Tethys 33. Thrym 34. Titan 35. Ymir 36. S/2004 S7 37. S/2004 S8 38. S/2004 S9 39. S/2004 S S/2004 S S/2004 S S/2004 S S/2004 S S/2004 S S/2004 S S/2004 S S/2004 S18 1. Albiorix 2. Atlas 3. Calypso 4. Daphnis 5. Dione 6. Enceladus 7. Epimetheus 8. Erriapo 9. Helene 10. Hyperion 11. Iapetus 12. Ijiraq 1. Albiorix 2. Atlas 3. Calypso 4. Daphnis 5. Dione 6. Enceladus 7. Epimetheus 8. Erriapo 9. Helene 10. Hyperion 11. Iapetus 12. Ijiraq 13. Janus 14. Kiviuq 15. Mimas 16. Methone 17. Mundilfari 18. Paaliaq 19. Narvi 20. Pan 21. Pallene

Terrestrial /Jovian SizeMassDistance from sun Period of revolution Jovian 3 rd Largest in solar system Massive, but smaller in mass than saturn A.U (2.8 billion miles from sun) Perihelion= A.U Aphelion= A.U. 1 Rotation= hours (retrograde) Revolution= Earth years

SatellitesComposition of Atm Special features 27 moons 83% hydrogen, 15% helium and 2% methane Escape velocity=21 km/s Uranus gets its blue-green color from methane gas, liquid core consisting primarily of 'icy' materials (water, methane, and ammonia), with higher-density material at depth, “sits on its side- south pole points to the sun, has rings

19. Oberon 20. Caliban 21. Stephano 19. Oberon 20. Caliban 21. Stephano 22. Trinculo 23. Sycorax 24. Margaret 25. Prospero 26. Setebos 27. Ferdinand 1. Cordelia 2. Ophelia 3. Bianca 4. Cressida 5. Desdemona 6. Juliet 7. Portia 1. Cordelia 2. Ophelia 3. Bianca 4. Cressida 5. Desdemona 6. Juliet 7. Portia 8. Rosalind 9. Mab 10. Belinda 11. Perdita 12. Puck 13. Cupid 14. Miranda 8. Rosalind 9. Mab 10. Belinda 11. Perdita 12. Puck 13. Cupid 14. Miranda 15. Francisco 16. Ariel 17. Umbriel 18. Titania

Terrestrial /Jovian SizeMassDistance from sun Period of revolution Jovian 4 th Largest in solar system Massive, but smaller in mass than saturn A.U Perihelion= A.U Aphelion= A.U 1 Rotation= hours Revolution= Earth years

SatellitesComposition of Atm Special features 13 moons 83% hydrogen, 15% helium and 2% methane Discovered by deviations in Uranus’ orbit, due to Pluto's unusual elliptical orbit, Neptune is actually the farthest planet from the Sun for a 20-year period out of every 248 Earth years, - 353F Escape velocity=24 km/s

1. Naiad 2. Thalassa 3. Despina 4. Nereid 1. Naiad 2. Thalassa 3. Despina 4. Nereid 5. Galatea 6. Larissa 7. Proteus 5. Galatea 6. Larissa 7. Proteus 8. Triton 9. S/2002 N1 10. S/2002 N2 8. Triton 9. S/2002 N1 10. S/2002 N2 11. S/2002 N3 12. S/2002 N4 13. Psamathe

The scientists agreed that for a celestial body to qualify as a planet: it must be in orbit around a star it must be large enough that it takes on a nearly round shape it has cleared its orbit of other objects

A "dwarf planet" is a celestial body that… is in orbit around the Sun has sufficient mass for its self-gravity to overcome rigid body forces so that it assumes a hydrostatic equilibrium (nearly round) shape, has not cleared the neighborhood around its orbit, and is not a satellite.

Dwarf Planets In addition, since the early 1990s, astronomers have found several objects of comparable size to Pluto in an outer region of the Solar System called the Kuiper Belt. The critical blow for Pluto came with the discovery three years ago of an object currently designated 2003 UB313. After being measured with the Hubble Space Telescope, it was shown to be some 3,000km (1,864 miles) in diameter: it is bigger than Pluto UB313 will now join Pluto in the dwarf category, along with the biggest asteroid in the Solar System, Ceres.

PLUTO - A 'DEMOTED PLANET' Dwarf Planet: Pluto Pluto's status has been contested for many years. It is further away and considerably smaller than the eight other "traditional" planets in our Solar System. At just 2,360km (1,467 miles) across, Pluto is smaller even than some moons in the Solar System. Named after underworld god Average of 5.9bn km to Sun Orbits Sun every 248 years Diameter of 2,360km Has at least three moons Rotates every 6.8 days Gravity about 6% of Earth's Surface temperature -233C An unmanned US spacecraft, New Horizons, is due to fly by Pluto and the Kuiper Belt in 2015.

Terrestrial /Jovian SizeMassDistance from sun Period of revolution Terrestrial NOT A PLANET- DWARF PLANET A.U Perihelion= A.U Aphelion= A.U 1 Rotation= Earth days hours Revolution= Earth years

SatellitesComposition of Atm Special features 1 moon: Charon: same size, HST: discovered 2 more smaller moons orbiting Pluto Primarily of nitrogen with some carbon monoxide and methane Surface: 70% rock, 30% ice Escape velocity=1.3 km/s In fact, we now know that there are a very large number of smaller objects in the Kuiper Belt beyond the orbit of Neptune. Another larger object in Kuiper Belt- should it be classified as a planet too?, Saturn is sometimes the farthest planet as Pluto’s orbit is highly eccentric, sfc temps: -235 and -210 C Kuiper Belt

New Solar System: All Planets Comparison

Kuiper Belt pronounced Ki-Per our solar system's 'final frontier New Horizon’s Mission to send a satellite to the belt disk-shaped region past the orbit of NeptuneNeptune extending roughly from 30 to 50 AU from the SunAU containing many small icy bodies. It is now considered to be the source of the short-period comets. At least 35,000 Kuiper Belt objects greater than 100 km in diameter,

Beyond the Solar System 100 other Planets have been discovered orbiting other stars Comets, Asteroids etc.. Oort Cloud

In 1950 Jan Oort noticed that :Oort no comet has been observed with an orbit that indicates that it came from interstellar space,comet there is a strong tendency for aphelia of long period comet orbits to lie at a distance of about 50,000 AU, andaphelia there is no preferential direction from which comets come.

Comets pieces of rocky and metallic materials held together by frozen gases, such as water, ammonia, methane, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide. travel in very elongated orbits that carry them far beyond Pluto. hundreds of thousands of years to complete a single orbit around the sun. Coma: as it approaches the sun, solar energy begins to vaporize the frozen gases producing a glowing head Tail forms as the solar wind pushes the vaporizing particles away (when away from sun no tail)