1 Basic Structures in Cells Organelles – tiny cell structures that carry out specific functions for the cell

Cell Membrane – In both P & A Draw this and label cell membrane only

CELL MEMBRANE -porous membrane surrounds the cell -inner membrane in plants - -Allows only certain the materials to go in and out of the cell -holds cell contents

Cell Wall – Plants only Sketch and label OUTER boundary as cell wall

CELL WALL - rigid, stiff cellulose structure around cell membrane of plant cells -provides support and structure and protection to plant cells. - Porous but does not “control” materials that enter and leave - Porous but does not “control” materials that enter and leave

Cytoplasm – in both Draw and label

CYTOPLASM - in both - jelly-like substance which fills cell -surrounds organelles -supports organelles -provides place for chemical reactions and movement of cell parts

Cytoskeleton - both  Stringy fibers throughout cytoplasm  Provides support and shape  Anchors organelles

Nucleus – in both Draw this and label the nucleus

NUCLEUS -spherical shape -larger organelle -in center in animals -Off to side in plants -Holds the DNA which controls all cell activities -Holds the “brain” of the cell

NUCLEAR MEMBRANE in both Draw this and label -surrounds nucleus -porous -allows certain materials in and out of nucleus

NUCLEOLUS – both Draw this and label -spherical shape -in the nucleus -plays a role in making ribosomes

Chromatin (thin) - in both (Chromosomes - thick) Draw this and label chromatin

Chromatin Chromatin -long strands made of DNA and proteins -in nucleus -provides instructions for all cell activity: **Making proteins **Making proteins **Passing traits to new cells **Passing traits to new cells

Endoplasmic Reticulum – in both Draw and label

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER) -network of channels which connects nucleus to the cell membrane -allows passage of material through cytoplasm -Rough ER modifies proteins made by ribosomes -Smooth ER –detoxifies drugs

Smooth and Rough ER Rough ER has RIBOSOMES attached… smooth doesn’t.

RIBOSOMES in both -tiny, grain-like structures on ER or floating in cytoplasm -”Protein factory” puts amino acids together to form proteins (gets directions from nucleus)

Mitochondrion – in both Draw this

MITOCHONDRION - in both - Has bean-shaped, folded inner membrane -scattered in cytoplasm -active cells have many -SITE OF RESPIRATION - uses food and oxygen and changes it into usable energy (ATP)

Golgi Body - both Draw and label Vesicle

GOLGI BODY (complex, apparatus, structure) -stacks of flattened sacs -produces vesicles near edges -receive proteins & fats from ER -packages proteins, vesicles go to cell membrane for secretion -sends fats to other parts of cell

Vacuole – in both Draw both and label vacuole

VACUOLE -large in plants -small in animals -store water, food and other materials -large fluid filled sac gives structure to plants

CHLOROPLAST – PLANTS ONLY DRAW THIS

CHLOROPLAST -smooth, oval shaped -filled of chlorophyll -thoughout cytoplasm -capture light energy and converts it to stored chemical energy or SUGARS! -many in leaves -none in roots

Plant Cells

Lysosome – Mainly in animals Draw and label

LYSOSOMES -spherical vesicles containing digestive enzymes -Common in animals -Rare in plants -breaks down food and other materials for cell use -gets rid of wastes -breaks down old cell parts

CENTRIOLE – Animals only -appears in cytoplasm during cell division of animal cells only -helps animal cells reproduce or divide into two cells

Review Animal Cell Parts

Review of Plant Cell r

ANIMAL CELLS Lysosomes Small vacuoles Centrioles PLANT CELLS Cell Wall Chloroplast Large Vacuole BOTH ANIMAL & PLANT CELLS Cell Membrane Endoplasmic Reticulum Cytoplasm Nucleus Ribosomes Mitochondria

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