Design of Tension Members in Timber

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Presentation transcript:

Design of Tension Members in Timber

Tension member Tr =  An ft (KDKHKStKT) KZt  = 0.9 An = net area where  = 0.9 An = net area ft = tension strength KD = load duration factor KH = system factor (load sharing) KSt = service condition factor (dry/wet) KT = treatment factor (chemicals) KZt = size factor Ag An

Design values for structural joists and planks (MPa)

Design values for Douglas fir glulam (MPa)

Glulam tension members An Ag T T Tr = minimum of  An ftn (KDKHKStKT) and  Ag ftg (KDKHKStKT)

Glulam tension members Zone C Zone D T T An Ag Probability of a defect in zone C is much smaller than in zone D, therefore ftn > ftg

Tension member Tr =  An ft (KDKHKStKT) KZt An = net area where An = net area KD = load duration factor KH = system factor (load sharing) KSt = service condition factor (dry/wet) KT = treatment factor (chemicals) KZt = size factor

Duration of load effect KD 100 KD = 1.15 Wind load most design cases (~3 months) 90 creep of the lignin matrix KD = 1.0 80 Specified strength % Live load 70 KD = 1.0 – 0.5 log (D/L) ≥ 0.65 60 KD = 0.65 Dead load 50 2000 4000 6000 8000 10,000 1 year Load duration (hours)

Tension member Tr =  An ft (KDKHKStKT) KZt An = net area where An = net area KD = load duration factor KH = system factor (load sharing) KSt = service condition factor (dry/wet) KT = treatment factor (chemicals) KZt = size factor

Effect of moisture content 100 impact strength modulus of elasticity 80 fibre saturation point % of strength at 12% moisture content modulus of rupture 60 crushing strength 40 12 15 20 25 28 30 moisture content of wood (%)

Tension member Tr =  An ft (KDKHKStKT) KZt An = net area where An = net area KD = load duration factor KH = system factor (load sharing) KSt = service condition factor (dry/wet) KT = treatment factor (chemicals) KZt = size factor

Chemical treatment of wood against decay and fire Typically no effect, except when wood surface is incised Fire retardant has a weakening effect on strength of wood

Tension member Tr =  An ft (KDKHKStKT) KZt An = net area where An = net area KD = load duration factor KH = system factor (load sharing) KSt = service condition factor (dry/wet) KT = treatment factor (chemicals) KZt = size factor

Size effect Length effect A,L Tr Tr 5A,L < 5Tr < 5Tr A,L Tr Tr (not covered in code)

Examples of tension members where a length effect would apply

Tension member Tr =  An ft (KDKHKStKT) KZt An = net area where An = net area KD = load duration factor KH = system factor (load sharing) KSt = service condition factor (dry/wet) KT = treatment factor (chemicals) KZt = size factor

Load sharing systems Bridging (load sharing) Closely spaced members

3 or more members sharing Load sharing KH 3 or more members sharing Type 1 system KH = 1.1 < 600mm

3 or more members sharing Load sharing KH 150mm edge nailing 300mm intermediate 9.5mm min. sheathing 3 or more members sharing Type 2 system KH = 1.4 < 600mm

Platform construction