345 355 365 1986198719881989199019911992 345 355 365 345 355 365 South Pole (89  98S, 24  80W) Palmer Station (64  92S, 64  00W) Cape Grim (40  68S,

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Presentation transcript:

South Pole (89  98S, 24  80W) Palmer Station (64  92S, 64  00W) Cape Grim (40  68S, 144  68E) Christmas Island (1  70N, 157  17W) Samoa (14  24S, 170  57W) Cape Kumukahi (19  52N, 154  82W) Cape Meares (45  48N, 123  97W) Cold Bay (55  20N, 162  72W) Alert (82  45N, 62  52W) Mould Bay (76  25N, 119  35W) Barrow (71  32N, 156  60W) Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentration (parts per million) SP PS CG A MB B CB CM CK CI S Figure 29.1 Ecological Climatology © 2008 G. Bonan

Latitude (degrees North) Contribution To Amplitude (%) Amplitude (ppm) PercentAmplitude Figure 29.2 Ecological Climatology © 2008 G. Bonan

Figure 29.3 Ecological Climatology © 2008 G. Bonan

Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI) NPP Anomaly (Pg C yr -1 ) CO 2 Growth Rate Anomaly (Pg C yr -1 ) NPP CO 2 MEI Figure 29.4 Ecological Climatology © 2008 G. Bonan

Figure 29.5 Ecological Climatology © 2008 G. Bonan

Ambient NPP (g C m -2 yr -1 ) NPP Elevated / NPP Ambient NPP [550] / NPP [376] = / NPP [376] Figure 29.6 Ecological Climatology © 2008 G. Bonan

AllC3C3 C4C4 TreeShrubC3C3 Grass Forb Response (elevated / ambient) A sat AllTreeShrubC3C3 Grass C4C4 Forb Response (elevated / ambient) gsgs ANPP AllC3C3 C4C4 TreeC4C4 crop C3C3 grass C4C4 Response (elevated / ambient) Figure 29.7 Ecological Climatology © 2008 G. Bonan

Figure Live aboveground carbon Wood products Other carbon pools Source Sink Years Carbon Flux (Mg C ha -1 yr -1 ) Carbon (Mg C ha -1 ) Years Ecological Climatology © 2008 G. Bonan

Figure 29.9 Ecological Climatology © 2008 G. Bonan

Annual Carbon Flux (Pg C yr -1 ) Figure Ecological Climatology © 2008 G. Bonan

Coupled carbon cycle-climate model Without carbon cycle-climate feedback Figure Cumulative Carbon (Pg C) Atmosphere Emissions Land Ocean Surface Air Temperature (K) Global Land Atmospheric CO 2 (ppm) 0 Ecological Climatology © 2008 G. Bonan

Figure Atmospheric CO 2 (ppm) Land Carbon Uptake (Pg C yr -1 ) Plant Carbon (Pg C) Soil Carbon (Pg C) Coupled carbon cycle-climate model Without carbon cycle-climate feedback Ecological Climatology © 2008 G. Bonan

Figure Correlation Coefficient Regression Slope (kg C m -2 yr -1 per  C) Ecological Climatology © 2008 G. Bonan

Coupled carbon cycle-climate model Without carbon cycle-climate feedback Atmosphere Land Ocean Figure HadCM3LC UMD FRCGC UVic-2.7 CLIMBER MPI CSM1 IPSL-CM4-LOOP BERN-CC IPSL-CM2C LLNL Fraction HadCM3LC UMD FRCGC UVic-2.7 CLIMBER MPI CSM1 IPSL-CM4-LOOP BERN-CC IPSL-CM2C LLNL Fraction HadCM3LC UMD FRCGC UVic-2.7 CLIMBER MPI CSM1 IPSL-CM4-LOOP BERN-CC IPSL-CM2C LLNL Fraction Ecological Climatology © 2008 G. Bonan

HadCM3LC IPSL-CM2C MPI LLNL CSM1 FRCGC UVic-2.7 UMD BERN-CC CLIMBER IPSL-CM4-LOOP Airborne Fraction Ocean Fraction Land Fraction Figure Ecological Climatology © 2008 G. Bonan

Figure Ecological Climatology © 2008 G. Bonan

60S 60N 30S 30N 0 180W 180E 120W 60W 0 120E60E 60S 60N 30S 30N 0 180W 180E 120W 60W 0 120E60E  T (  C) Figure A2 biogeophysical B1 biogeophysical 60S 60N 30S 30N 0 180W 180E 120W 60W 0 120E60E 60S 60N 30S 30N 0 180W 180E 120W 60W 0 120E60E A2 biogeochemicalB1 biogeochemical 60S 60N 30S 30N 0 180W 180E 120W 60W 0 120E60E 60S 60N 30S 30N 0 180W 180E 120W 60W 0 120E60E A2 netB1 net Ecological Climatology © 2008 G. Bonan