To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Chapter Resources Click on one of the following icons to go to that resource. earth.msscience.com Image Bank Foldables Video Clips and Animations Standardized Test Practice Chapter Review Questions Chapter Summary

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To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Image Bank Landslide

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To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Foldables Erosion and Deposition Make the following Foldable to help you identify the examples of erosion and deposition.

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Foldables Fold one piece of paper widthwise into thirds.

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To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Foldables Label your table as shown.

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Foldables As you read the chapter, complete the table, listing specific examples of erosion and deposition for each erosional force. Make a Table

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To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. 1 1 Erosion is the process that picks up and transports sediment. Erosion by Gravity Deposition occurs when an agent of erosion loses its energy and can no longer carry its load of sediment. Reviewing Main Ideas Slump, creep, rock slides, and mudflows are all mass movements caused by gravity.

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. 2 2 Glaciers are powerful agents of erosion. As water freezes and thaws in cracks, it breaks off pieces of surrounding rock. These pieces then are incorporated into glacial ice by plucking. Glaciers As sediment embedded in the base of a glacier moves across land, grooves and striations form. Glaciers deposit two kinds of material―till and outwash. Reviewing Main Ideas

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. 3 3 Deflation occurs when wind erodes only fine-grained sediments, leaving coarse sediments behind. Wind The pitting and polishing of rocks and grains of sediments by windblown sediment is called abrasion. Reviewing Main Ideas

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. 3 3 Wind Reviewing Main Ideas Wind deposits include loess and dunes. Loess consists of fine-grained particles such as silt and clay. Dunes form when windblown sediments accumulate behind an obstacle.

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Chapter Review Question 1 Which of the following mass movements never occurs suddenly? A. abrasion B. creep C. deflation D. slump

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Chapter Review Answer The answer is B. Creep occurs when sediments on slopes gradually shift their positions downhill. Abrasion and deflation are types of wind erosion and are not mass movements.

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Chapter Review Question 2 What is plucking?

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Chapter Review Answer Plucking is the process in which a moving glacier picks up loosened rock particles.

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Chapter Review Question 3 Describe the differences between moraine deposits and outwash deposits. Answer Moraines are ridges of glacial till that form at the ends of glaciers. Outwash deposits are created by meltwater that deposits sediments in layers according to the sediment size. The largest pieces of rock are deposited closest to the glacier.

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Chapter Review Question 4 How does a cirque form?

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Chapter Review Answer Cirques are bowl-shaped basins in the sides of mountains created by a valley glacier.

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Chapter Review Question 5 What is a glacier? Answer A glacier is a large mass of ice and snow moving on land under its own weight.

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Question 1 Which of the following mass movements is represented by the diagram? A. creep B. mudflow C. rock slide D. slump

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is D. A curved scar is left where slumped materials originally rested.

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Question 2 Which of the following accurately describes the mass movement in this diagram?

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice A. steep slope, curved scar B. gradual shift on slope C. steep slope, sudden occurrence D. thick, pasty sediment, fan-shaped deposit

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is C. This diagram represents a rock slide.

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Question 3 What is shown by the white regions on this map? A. dunes B. glaciers C. loess deposits D. tropical rain forests

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is B. Glaciers are found at the poles and the continent of Greenland.

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Question 4 What structure is shown at A in the diagram? A. arêtes B. cirques C. horn D. hanging valley

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is A. Arêtes are formed when two valley glaciers erode a mountain side by side, forming a ridge.

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Question 5 Which of the structures in the diagram is formed by glacial action in three or more cirques?

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice A. A B. B C. C D. D

To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is B. Horns are sharpened peaks. Arêtes are ridges formed by the action of two adjacent valley glaciers.

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