POLLUTION. Definition The addition to the biosphere of a substance by human activity, at a rate greater than that at which it can be rendered harmless.

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Presentation transcript:

POLLUTION

Definition The addition to the biosphere of a substance by human activity, at a rate greater than that at which it can be rendered harmless. It can be: matter (solid, liquid or gas) energy (noise, light, heat)

Types Natural Man made

Point Source the release of pollutants from a single, clearly identifiable site, e.g. a factory chimney or the waste disposal pipe of a sewage works into a river.

Non-point source (NPS) the release of pollutants from numerous, widely dispersed origins, e.g. gases from the exhaust of vehicles Chemicals spread on fields

Which source would be easier to manage? Why?

Major Sources of Pollution Combustion of fossil fuels Domestic and industrial waste Manufacturing waste Agricultural waste

Combustion of fossil fuels

Effects of burning fuels

Domestic waste

Industrial and Manufacturing waste

Agricultural waste

Liberty Lake, 1989

Effects of Pesticides

Direct methods of monitoring Record the amount of pollutant

Indirect methods Record changes in abiotic or biotic factors BOD Biotic index

What is an indicator organism? Plants and animals their presence, abundance, or chemical composition, Demonstrate quality of the environment. Read more: Indicator Species - body, used, water, plants, type, chemical, animals, oxygen, air, parts, plant, surface, Ecological significance Species.html#ixzz1DMC9SiVTIndicator Species - body, used, water, plants, type, chemical, animals, oxygen, air, parts, plant, surface, Ecological significance Species.html#ixzz1DMC9SiVT

AIR POLLUTION Lichen – sensitive to SO 2 and O 3

Tolerates oxides of Sulphur Tolerates oxides of Nitrogen Clean air

“Reindeer lichen" or “Old man's beard – Pollution intollerant

LAND POLLUTION Birds eggs – pesticides Amphibians Plants – pollutant in leaves

WATER POLLUTION

Examples of Intolerant organisms

Examples of Moderately Intolerant organisms

Examples of Pollution Tolerant organisms