Average Hours per Week of TV Viewing, Canada, by Age and Sex, Fall 1994 Hours Number of hours per week average Canadian spent watching TV in 2000: 21.5

Media Usage, U.S.A., 2005 (hours per capita, projected) Note: Time spent at live performances is only 0.3% of the total and is therefore not represented in the graph. Number of hours in a year: 8,760. Number of hours in 365 eight-hour nights: 2,920 (33% of the total number of hours in a year). Number of hours per year the average American uses the mass media: 3,649 (42% of the total number of hours in a year; 63% of waking hours assuming eight hours of sleep per day). Increase since 1996 in number of hours per year the average American uses the mass media: 11%.

1450 Printing press (Gutenberg) 1702 First daily newspaper (London Daily Courant) 1833 First mass circulation newspaper (New York Sun) 1837 Photography (Daguerre) 1840 Telegraphy (Morse) 1875 Telephone (Bell) 1895 Movies (Lumiere) 1906 Radio 1941 Commercial TV 1948 Long playing records 1952 VCR 1961 Cable TV 1969 ARPANET (US Dep’t of Defence) 1975 Microcomputer (Apple) 1983 Cell phone 1989 World Wide Web (Berners-Lee)

Canada’s Media Giants, 2001  CanWest Global (Asper, Winnipeg, $2.4b/yr; Global TV, National Post,14 major urban dailies)  Quebecor (Pelardeau, Montreal, $2.4b/yr; Sun newspapers, major Quebec newspapers, cable TV, etc.)  Rogers (Rogers, Toronto, $2.2b/yr; cable TV, ISP, 29 radio stations, 62 magazines, Sportsnet, Blue Jays)  Shaw (Shaw, Calgary, $1.6b/yr; Cable TV, ISP, 49 radio stations, etc.)  CBC (public, Toronto, $1.4b/yr; CBC-TV, Radio- Canada)  Bell Globemedia (BCE & Thomson, Montreal & Toronto, $1.4b/yr; CTV, Globe and Mail, TSN, etc.)

The Relationship Between Centrality of Values and Diversity of Media Opinion Values Diversity of media opinion Low High e.g., capitalism, democracy, consumerism e.g., specific government and corporate policies

Political Murder in the New York Times MurdersArticlesColumn inches Page 1 articles Editorials 1 anticommunist priest, Poland, leftist priests and nuns, Latin America, leftist priests and nuns, Guatemala,

Gender and Racial Distribution of Dramatic and News TV Roles, Canada, Proportional representation Percent Representation

Representation of Minority Groups on Prime Time and Daytime Television, U.S.A., Percent Representation Note: data are for prime time only. A figure for Native Americans was reported but it is so small it is not visible on the graph. For other groups, missing bars indicate missing data. Group Proportional representation

Top Ten Countries, Millions of Internet Users, 2003 Country Millions of Internet Users Country (percent of population with Internet access in parentheses)

Internet Connectivity and Population Density, 2001 Nearly a quarter of a million routers in the world connected local computer networks (such as the computer network of a company or a university) to the Internet in The top map shows the number of routers per geographical area (1° of latitude by 1° of longitude) in the world. The bottom map shows the number of people per geographical area (1° of latitude by 1° of longitude) in the world. Darker areas indicate higher density. Based on these maps, what can you conclude about the relationship between Internet usage and population density in the highly developed countries and in the world as a whole?