RFQ Cooling Schemes and Instrumentation PXIE RFQ Fabrication Readiness Review LBNL – June 26, 2013 Andrew Lambert - Engineering Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
A. Lambert: RFQ Cooling Schemes and Instrumentation PXIE RFQ Fabrication Readiness Review LBNL – June 26-27, 2013 Outline Cooling Channel Layout and Heat Loads Required Chiller Heat Loads P&IDs for Cooling Channels and Pi-mode Rods Axial Frequency Drop Channel to Channel Heat Transfer Instrumentation Manifolding Conclusions
A. Lambert: RFQ Cooling Schemes and Instrumentation PXIE RFQ Fabrication Readiness Review LBNL – June 26-27, 2013 RFQ Cooling Channels PXIE RFQ is cooled via wall, corner and vane water channels – Can be used for dynamic tuning of the RFQ – Wall and Corner channels on same cooling loop – Vane channels on separate cooling loop – Allow for different channel temperatures PXIE Frequency ShiftAverage Overall (kHz/ o C)-2.8 Vane (kHz/ o C)-16.7 Wall (kHz/ o C)13.9 Sum of Vane and Wall (kHz/ o C)-2.8 Theoretical Shift (kHz/ o C)-2.9 % Error3.8%
A. Lambert: RFQ Cooling Schemes and Instrumentation PXIE RFQ Fabrication Readiness Review LBNL – June 26-27, 2013 RFQ Cooling Channels Heat Load Calculate the head load to each RFQ cooling channel – Wall heating, cutback heating, slug tuner heating – Pi-rods not included as they are on separate cooling circuit RFQ cooling supplied by two chillers – One chiller for the Corner and Wall channels – One chiller for the Vane channels Module 2 Heat Load per Channel [kW] Heat Load for all Channels [kW] Water ΔT [K] Corner Vane Wall Total18.14 Module 1 Heat Load per Channel [kW] Heat Load for all Channels [kW] Water ΔT [K] Corner Vane Wall Total17.60 Module 3 Heat Load per Channel [kW] Heat Load for all Channels [kW] Water ΔT [K] Corner Vane Wall Total18.14 Module 4 Heat Load per Channel [kW] Heat Load for all Channels [kW] Water ΔT [K] Corner Vane Wall Total17.81
A. Lambert: RFQ Cooling Schemes and Instrumentation PXIE RFQ Fabrication Readiness Review LBNL – June 26-27, 2013 Chiller Heat Loads Flow velocity = 7.5 ft/s Water temperature = 30 o C Resulting temperature range of o C – CW temperature rise of 1.7 o C in vane channels and 1.3 o C in wall/corner channels – Higher heat load into the vane channels Max CW ΔT [K]Required Cooling [kW] Required Flow [GPM] Vane Chiller (38)65 (78) Wall/Pi-Rod Chiller (65)136 (163)
A. Lambert: RFQ Cooling Schemes and Instrumentation PXIE RFQ Fabrication Readiness Review LBNL – June 26-27, 2013 Wall/Corner Cooling 8 wall/corner channels per module – Cool the RFQ body and absorb slug tuner heat – 12.0 mm diameter – Nominal flow rate of 4.1 GPM – Each module must be supplied with ~32.5 GPM – Total supply is ~130 GPM
A. Lambert: RFQ Cooling Schemes and Instrumentation PXIE RFQ Fabrication Readiness Review LBNL – June 26-27, 2013 Wall/Corner Channel P&ID
A. Lambert: RFQ Cooling Schemes and Instrumentation PXIE RFQ Fabrication Readiness Review LBNL – June 26-27, 2013 Pi-mode Rod Cooling 8 pi-mode rods per RFQ module – Remove RF heat – 5.0 mm diameter – Nominal flow rate of 0.7 GPM – Only 4 pi-rods connected in series – Each module must be supplied with ~1.4 GPM – Total supply is ~5.6 GPM
A. Lambert: RFQ Cooling Schemes and Instrumentation PXIE RFQ Fabrication Readiness Review LBNL – June 26-27, 2013 Pi-rod Channel P&ID
A. Lambert: RFQ Cooling Schemes and Instrumentation PXIE RFQ Fabrication Readiness Review LBNL – June 26-27, 2013 Vane Cooling 4 wall/corner channels per module – Cool the RFQ vanetips and provide dynamic tuning – 12.0 mm diameter – Nominal flow rate of 4.1 GPM – Each module must be supplied with ~16.25 GPM – Total supply is ~65 GPM
A. Lambert: RFQ Cooling Schemes and Instrumentation PXIE RFQ Fabrication Readiness Review LBNL – June 26-27, 2013 Vane Channel P&ID
A. Lambert: RFQ Cooling Schemes and Instrumentation PXIE RFQ Fabrication Readiness Review LBNL – June 26-27, 2013 Axial Frequency Shift As heat is removed from the RFQ, the cooling water warms up, which cause axial temperature gradients in the RFQ -> Not a problem with current flow rate – Very small effect as temperature rise is only ~1.5 o C Flow Speed (ft/s)Entrance Frequency (MHz)Exit Frequency (MHz)% Change (kHz) % % %
A. Lambert: RFQ Cooling Schemes and Instrumentation PXIE RFQ Fabrication Readiness Review LBNL – June 26-27, 2013 Channel to Channel Heat Transfer Because cooling channels are at different temperatures, there is some heat transfer from channel to channel – This has been investigated using ANSYS and the effect is estimated to be ~120 W/ o C – This effect is not significant for small temperature differentials, but can be more pronounced for large channel ΔT Effect does equalize/lessen along the length of RFQ as channel temperatures approach each other For a ΔT of +10 o C from wall to vane, the added heat transfer can be 40-50% of the vane CW load Increases required vane chiller cooling to 46 kW > 38 kW (spec.) – Establish an expected maximum temperature differential for the two chillers and size accordingly
A. Lambert: RFQ Cooling Schemes and Instrumentation PXIE RFQ Fabrication Readiness Review LBNL – June 26-27, 2013 Instrumentation Summary Sensor TypeVane CircuitsWall CircuitsPi-mode CircuitsTotals Pressure88-16 Temperature Flow Rate Pressure and temperature monitored at supply manifolds Pressure, temperature, and flow rate monitored at exit manifolds Instrumentation should be tied into a monitoring system Less instrumentation on the wall circuits due to the parallel design of the piping
A. Lambert: RFQ Cooling Schemes and Instrumentation PXIE RFQ Fabrication Readiness Review LBNL – June 26-27, 2013 Manifolding Custom manifolding to tie appropriate cooling channels together – Color coding of supply and return lines for each chiller loop – Instrumentation installed on the manifolds – Manifold layout keeps instrumentation panels in 2 locations Between module 1 &2 and module 3 & 4 Easy access for monitoring
A. Lambert: RFQ Cooling Schemes and Instrumentation PXIE RFQ Fabrication Readiness Review LBNL – June 26-27, 2013 Conclusion PXIE RFQ cooling requirements: – Chiller 1: GPM – Chiller 2: GPM Instrumentation – Pressure: 16 – Temperature: 36 – Flow Rate: 28