Chapter 10 Emergency Procedures 1

If a University phone is unavailable or inaccessible during an emergency, call the Public Safety & Emergency from a cell phone. Public Safety personnel will respond, determine whether additional assistance is needed and alert others who can help. 2 For any emergency, including fires, chemical spills, injuries, accidents, explosions, and medical emergencies, call the department of Safety from any University phone located in common areas throughout campus.

The plan is based on the Four Phases of Emergency Management: Mitigation - efforts to reduce hazards or its impacts Preparedness - efforts to prepare for a likely hazard Response - actions taken to respond to an emergency or disaster Recovery - actions taken to restore the community to pre- disaster condition. 3 Four Phases of Emergency Management

Emergency Procedures InjuryTo Do BurnsImmediately flush with cold water until burning sensation is lessened. Cuts, bruises Do not touch an open wound without safety gloves. Pressing directly on minor cuts will stop bleeding in a few minutes. Apply cold compress to bruises to reduce swelling. Fainting Provide fresh air and have the person lie down so that their head is lower than the rest of their body. The eyesFlush eyes immediately with plenty of water for several minutes. If a foreign object is lodged in the eye, do not allow the eye to be rubbed. PoisoningFind out what substance was responsible for the poisoning and alert the instructor immediately. Spills on the skinFlush with large quantities of water. For acid spills, apply sodium bicarbonate solution. For base spills, apply vinegar or boric acid. 4

Chemical Exposures Chemicals on Skin or Clothing: 1.Immediately flush with water for no less than 15 minutes (except for hydrofluoric acid, flammable solids, or >10% phenol). For larger spills, the safety shower should be used. 2.While rinsing, quickly remove all contaminated clothing or jewelry. 3.Use caution when removing pullover shirts or sweaters to prevent contamination of the eyes. 4.Check the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) to determine if any delayed effects should be expected. 5.Discard contaminated clothing or wash them separately from other clothing. Leather garments or accessories cannot be decontaminated and should be discarded. 5

Chemical Exposures Chemicals in Eyes 1.Immediately flush eye(s) with water for at least fifteen minutes. The eyes must be forcibly held open to wash, and the eyeballs must be rotated so all surface area is rinsed. 6 2.The use of an eye wash fountain is desirable so hands are free to hold the eyes open. If eyewash is not available, pour water on the eye, rinsing from the nose outward to avoid contamination of the unaffected eye. 2.Remove contact lenses while rinsing. 3.Do not lose time removing contact lenses before rinsing. 4.Do not attempt to rinse and reinsert contact lenses. 5.Seek medical attention regardless of the severity or apparent lack of severity. 6.If an ambulance or transportation to any medical center is needed, contact the department Safety and explain carefully what chemicals were involved. If easily accessible, bring an MSDS.

Chemical Exposures Chemical Inhalation 1.Close containers, open windows or otherwise increase ventilation, and move to fresh air. 2.If symptoms, such as headaches, nose or throat irritation, dizziness, or drowsiness persist, seek medical attention by calling Public Safety and Emergency or going to University medical center. Explain carefully what chemicals were involved. 3.Review the MSDS to determine what health effects are expected, including delayed effects. 7

Chemical Exposures Accidental Ingestion of Chemicals: Immediately go to University medical center or contact your department safety. Do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by a health care provider. Accidental Injection of Chemicals: Wash the area with soap and water and seek medical attention, if necessary. 8

First Aid It must start immediately when the injury or illness occurs and continue until medical help arrives or the casualty recovers. The basic aims of first aid are: 1.To save life 2.To protect the casualty from getting more harm 3.To reduce pain and Priorities of Casualty Treatment 9

When you approach the scene of an accident or emergency, follow the DRABC Action Plan. 10

EAR (expired air resuscitation) (mouth-to-mouth resuscitation) 1.Knee beside the casualty. 2.Pinch the casualty's nostrils with your fingers or seal with your cheek. 3.Keep the casualty's head tilted back. 4.Lift the jaw forward with your other hand. 5.Take a deep breath and open your mouth wide. 6.Place your mouth firmly over the casualty's mouth making an airtight seal. 7.Breathe into the casualty's mouth. 8.Remove your mouth and turn your head to observe the chest fall and listen or feel for exhaled air. 9.If the chest does not rise and fall, check head tilt position first, then check for and clear foreign objects in the airway. 10.Give 5 full breaths in 10 seconds, and then check the carotid (neck) pulse for 5 seconds. If pulse is present, continue EAR at the rate of 15 breaths per minute. 11

CIRCULATION 1.feel the pulse at the neck (carotid pulse) 2.if pulse is present, continue EAR at the rate of 15 breaths per minute. Check breathing and the pulse after 1 minute, then after every 2 minutes 3.if pulse is not present, commence CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) 4.check breathing and the pulse after 1 minute, then after every2 minutes. If the pulse returns, continue EAR. If breathing returns, turn the casualty to a stable side position. Check for and manage shock, bleeding and other injuries seek medical aid. 12