GT20202 FIQH MUAMALAT © Mohd Zulkifli Muhammad, All rights reserved INTRODUCTION TO FIQH MUAMALAT

6/13/2016Copyright Reserved 2011 Mohd Zulkifli Muhammad2 Islam Islamic Law Tawhid/ Aqidah (Belief in Oneness of Allah) Akhlaq (Code of Conduct for an Islamic Way of Life) Ibadat (divided into two: General and Special)

6/13/2016Copyright Reserved 2011 Mohd Zulkifli Muhammad3 INTRODUCTION TO FIQH MUAMALAT Generally, Islamic law is divided into 4 categories: 1)Akidah: comprises six basic beliefs as follows: a) Faith in God b) Faith in the Angels c) Faith in the Scriptures

6/13/2016Copyright Reserved 2011 Mohd Zulkifli Muhammad4 INTRODUCTION TO FIQH MUAMALAT d) Faith in the Prophets e) Faith in Resurrection and the Day of Judgement g) Faith in Destiny

6/13/2016Copyright Reserved 2011 Mohd Zulkifli Muhammad5 INTRODUCTION TO FIQH MUAMALAT Akidah implies that all resources for economic use are Amanah (Trust) to man, who must utilize them according to the will of the Creator. Man is responsible and will be held accountable for any misuse of these resources. It thus, follows that these resources are means to attain falah. (Quran, 28:77). Akidah has also implication in Akhirah.

6/13/2016Copyright Reserved 2011 Mohd Zulkifli Muhammad6 INTRODUCTION TO FIQH MUAMALAT Akhlaq: Is an innate quality fitra, such as honesty, kindness, sincerity, etc. Can be enhanced through: Tazkiyyah al-Nafs (Purification) and Tahliyyah al-Nafs (Beautification). Requires consistency. Is an important aspects of corporate culture and image, hence requires proper training.

6/13/2016Copyright Reserved 2011 Mohd Zulkifli Muhammad7 INTRODUCTION TO FIQH MUAMALAT 2) Akhlaq (Ihsan/Tasawuf) 3) Ibadat (Special) 4) Ibadat (General)

6/13/2016Copyright Reserved 2011 Mohd Zulkifli Muhammad8 (Al-Munakahat) Rulings related to Islamic family life (Al-Muamalat) Rulings related to economic transaction (Al-Ibadat) Rulings related to acts of worshipping (Al-Jinayat) Rulings related to crimes DISCIPLINES UNDER IBADAT

6/13/2016Copyright Reserved 2011 Mohd Zulkifli Muhammad9 INTRODUCTION TO FIQH MUAMALAT Ibadat (General) comprises: a)Family Law b)Administration Law c)International Relationship Law d)Criminal Law e)Judgement Law f)Commercial Law (Muamalat)

6/13/2016Copyright Reserved 2011 Mohd Zulkifli Muhammad10 INTRODUCTION TO FIQH MUAMALAT Islamic Commercial Law (Fiqh Muamalat): Fiqh al-Muamalat presents a framework for conduct in the civil arena. It deals in part with economic functions in an Islamic society but not comprehensively with factors impacting upon economic behavior since it is concerned solely with legal relationships between members of the society.

6/13/2016Copyright Reserved 2011 Mohd Zulkifli Muhammad11 INTRODUCTION TO FIQH MUAMALAT Under muamalat, any action that is not specifically or generally described as prohibited or haram automatically becomes permissible or halal.

6/13/2016Copyright Reserved 2011 Mohd Zulkifli Muhammad12 INTRODUCTION TO FIQH MUAMALAT Definitions: Lughah: Procedure or series of action between human in all aspects of life. Istilah: one of the Islamic way of life in economics, managements and businesses.

6/13/2016Copyright Reserved 2011 Mohd Zulkifli Muhammad13 INTRODUCTION TO FIQH MUAMALAT Goal/Reason/Motive of Fiqh Muamalat: Maqasid Syari’yyah (The Objectives of Islamic Law)= 1) Protection of Religion (al-Din), 2) Protection of Life (al-Nafs), 3) Protection of Dignity or Lineage (al- ’Ird), 4) Protection of the Intellect or Mind (al- ’Aql), 5) Protection of Property (al-Mal).

6/13/2016Copyright Reserved 2011 Mohd Zulkifli Muhammad14 INTRODUCTION TO FIQH MUAMALAT The Philosophy of Fiqh Muamalat: al-Taqwa to Allah S.W.T

6/13/2016Copyright Reserved 2011 Mohd Zulkifli Muhammad15 WALLAHU ‘ALAM