Definitions: Acquire: to get Controversial: arguable Napoleon Bonaparte: Leader of France New Orleans: city at the mouth of the Mississippi River Concept Development: The Louisiana Purchase was Date Acquired: Who: What happened: Why: Was it justified?: Pair Share: Who would benefit from this purchase? Why? Can you think of any groups that wouldn’t benefit? Pair Share: How much did the United States buy the Louisiana territory for? Pair Share: Jefferson was troubled by the argument that the Louisiana Purchase was unconstitutional. Still, he believed it was better to stretch the limits of the Constitution than to lose a historic opportunity. Do you agree? Why or why not? Learning Objective: Students will be able to describe how the United States added the Louisiana Territory and decide if they believe it was justified.

CFU (#1)How did I/you identify what is asked? (#2a)How did I/you identify information that will answer the question? (#3)How did I/you answer the question about the law-making process? Step #1: Read the question carefully and identify 5 what is asked. (double underline) Step #2: Read the text carefully. a. Identify information that will answer the question. (underline) Step #3: Fill in the chart with information about the Louisiana Territory. Describe how the United States obtained Louisiana Territory. The United States wanted to maintain control of the Mississippi River. Skill Development/Guided Practice 5 find The nation’s first opportunity for expansion during the early 1800s involved the vast territory to the west of the Mississippi River, then known as Louisiana. The United States wanted possession of the port city of New Orleans, near the mouth of the Mississippi River. By 1800, thousands of farmers were settling land to the west of the Appalachian Mountains. To get their crops to market, they floated them down the Mississippi to New Orleans. There the crops were shipped to Europe or to cities on the East Coast. The farmers depended on being able to move their crops freely along the Mississippi. “The Mississippi,” wrote James Madison, “is to them everything. It is the Hudson, the Delaware, the Potomac, and all the navigable rivers of the Atlantic States formed into one stream.” Louisiana Across the Mississippi River lay the unexplored territory of Louisiana. This immense region stretched from Canada in the north to Texas in the south. From the Mississippi, it reached west all the way to the Rocky Mountains. First claimed by France, it was given to Spain after the French and Indian War. In 1800, the French ruler. Napoleon Bonaparte convinced Spain to return Louisiana to France. What city did the United States want to acquire? Why was New Orleans so important to the United States? Why was the Mississippi River so important to farmers? To which two countries did Louisiana Territory previously belong?

CFU (#1)How did I/you identify what is asked? (#2a)How did I/you identify information that will answer the question? (#3)How did I/you answer the question about the law-making process? Step #1: Read the question carefully and identify 5 what is asked. (double underline) Step #2: Read the text carefully. a. Identify information that will answer the question. (underline) Step #3: Fill in the chart with information about Louisiana Territory Describe how the United States obtained Louisiana Territory.. Skill Development/Guided Practice 5 find Napoleon had plans for Louisiana. He hoped to settle the territory with thousands of French farmers. These farmers would raise food for the slaves who worked on France’s sugar plantations in the Caribbean. Napoleon’s plans alarmed frontier farmers. New Orleans was part of Louisiana. If Napoleon closed the port to American goods, farmers would have no way to get their crops to market. “A Noble Bargain” President Thomas Jefferson understood the concerns of American farmers. In 1803, he sent James Monroe to France with an offer to buy New Orleans for $7.5 million. By the time Monroe reached France, Napoleon had changed his plans. A few years earlier, a slave named Toussaint L’Ouverture had led a slave revolt in the French Caribbean colony known today as Haiti. The former slaves defeated the French troops who tried to take back the colony. As a result, Napoleon no longer needed Louisiana. Napoleon’s offer to sell all of Louisiana stunned James Monroe. Instead of a city, suddenly the United States had the opportunity to buy an area as big as itself. It didn’t take long for Monroe to agree. On April 30, 1803, he signed a treaty giving Louisiana to the United States in exchange for $15 million. Said the French foreign minister, “You have made a noble bargain for yourselves, and I suppose you will make the most of it.” What plan did Napoleon have for Louisiana Territory? Why were frontier farmers concerned about Napoleon’s plan? What did President Jefferson send James Monroe to do? What changed by the time Monroe got to France? What was the “Noble Bargain”? The United States wanted to maintain control of the Mississippi River. Pair Share: Do you think the purchase of the Louisiana Territory by the United States government was justified? (Was it right?)

1. Being able to describe westward expansion will help us understand how the United States got its shape. 2. Being able to describe the events of westward expansion will help us answer test questions. Relevance Advanced Research Would we have purchased Louisiana today? Why or why not? How much would it have cost? Exit slip/Independent Practice: Using your own words, summarize the story of how the United States acquired the Louisiana Territory. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________. Was it justified? Explain…______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________.

Learning Objective: Students will be able to describe the journey of Lewis and Clark and its significance. Concept Development: Lewis and Clark expedition: a ______________ made from 1804 to 1806 by Meriwether _______ and William _________ to explore the territory gained in the Louisiana Purchase, which was ordered by President Thomas Jefferson. Reasons for exploring the new territory: 1.The major motive behind the expedition was to___________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 2. A second motive was to find the _______________ _________________, a water route across North America that explorers had been seeking ever since Columbus reached the Americas. 3.With the purchase of Louisiana from France in 1803, the expedition gained a third motive—______________________________________________________. Pair Share: A’s tell B’s a reason for Lewis and Clark’s expedition. B’s tell A’s a reasons for Lewis and Clark’s expedition. Pair Share: What dangers do you think they might have to prepare for?

Read 2. Draw a picture or list key events for each box of information that appears on the screen. Pair share after each box what you drew or listed and why.

Relevance: What was the legacy (significance) of Lewis and Clark’s historic journey? Lewis and Clark had good reason to be proud. They had not found the Northwest Passage, for it did not exist. But they had traveled some 8,000 miles. They had mapped a route to the Pacific. They had established good relations with western Indians. Most of all, they had brought back priceless information about the West and its peoples. Their exploration led to the acquisition of the Oregon Territory (by negotiation and treaty with England.) Independent Practice/Closure: Pretend you are Lewis writing a letter home… tell about what you have experienced on your journey in a paragraph…. __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________.