Mrs. Dornbos 2012

POETRY Terms! Column 1 Column 2 Simile Metaphor Imagery Tone Mood Assonance Consonance Repetition Personification Onomatopoeia Hyperbole Alliteration Rhyme & Rhyme Scheme Rhythm Meter Irony

Similes Similes are comparisons that use “like” or “as.” Her eyes are as green as emeralds. Clouds soft and fluffy like marshmallows. “She is as beautiful as a sunrise.” I am hungry as a horse. You run like a rabbit. He is sneaky as a snake. She is as happy as a clam.

Metaphors Metaphors are comparisons that say one thing is another. My father’s anger is a volcano about to blow. “All the world’s a stage, and we are merely players.” The girl was a fish in the water. The clown was a feather floating away.

Imagery Imagery is an appeal to the senses. The poet describes something to help you to see, hear, touch, taste, or smell the topic of the poem. Fog The fog comes on little cat feet. It sits looking over harbor and city on silent haunches and then moves on. Carl Sandburg

Tone Tone is the attitude that an author takes toward the audience, the subject, or the character Tone is conveyed through the author's words and details Types of Tone Formal, serious Playful, silly Sarcastic, angry Respectful AngryToo Blue by Langston Hughes I got those sad old weary blues. I don't know where to turn. I don't know where to go. Nobody cares about you When you sink so low. What shall I do? What shall I say? Shall I take a gun and Put myself away? I wonder if One bullet would do? Hard as my head is, It would probably take two. But I ain't go Neither bullet nor gun-- And I'm too blue To look for one.

A non-human object or animal is given human qualities Personification The flowers danced in the wind. The Earth coughed and choked in all of the pollution. The friendly gates welcomed us.

Onomatopoei a Onomatopoeia is the use of words that imitate sounds Used to make emphasis and add excitement to a poem Wham! Splat! Pow! I am in trouble now! BUZZ, BLAM, snap! CRASH, ZOOM Splash! CHIRP, Tweet

Hyperbole Exaggeration to prove a point I’m so hungry I could eat a cow! I’ve told you to stop talking a million times! I nearly died laughing.

Alliteration Alliteration uses the same beginning word sounds over and over, like a tongue twister. My beautiful bubbles burst and then, I simply blow some more again. The setting sun slipped slowly down, making room for the milky moon.

Mood The mood is the feeling or atmosphere of a piece. The mood can be many different things. A feeling of love or fear A feeling of pride, anger, or happiness An atmosphere of chaos or peace How to Achieve Mood and Meaning Word choice & Language Sentence structure Punctuation Line length

Mood ? Winter Garden Stark naked flower stalks Stand shivering in the wind. The cheerless sun hides its black light Behind bleak, angry clouds, While trees vainly try To catch their escaping leaves. Carpets of grass turn brown, Blending morosely with the dreary day. Winter seems the death of life forever. Spring Garden Stunningly dressed flower stalks Stand shimmering in the breeze. The cheerful sun hides playfully Behind white, fluffy, cotton-ball clouds, While trees whisper secrets To their rustling leaves. Carpets of grass greenly glow Blending joyfully with the day. Spring brings life to death.

Assonance Repeated VOWEL sounds in a line or lines of poetry. (Often creates near rhyme.) LakeFateBaseFade (All share the long “a” sound.) Examples of ASSONANCE: “Slow the low gradual moan came in the snowing.” John Masefield “Shall ever medicine thee to that sweet sleep.” William Shakespeare

Consonance Repetition of consonant sounds within a line of poetry Similar to alliteration EXCEPT... The repeated consonant sounds can be anywhere in the words “silken, sad, uncertain, rustling…”

Rhyme & Rhyme Schem e Rhyme: A word at the end of one line sounds the same as a word at the end of another line Fat & Hat, drink & stink, stop & cop world & hurled, lamp & stamp Words sound alike because they share the same ending vowel and consonant sounds. Using words that sound alike makes poetry fun to read and write. Rhyme Scheme: the pattern of rhyme at the end of the line of poetry We use the letters of the alphabet to represent sounds to be able to visually “see” the pattern.

Rhyme & Rhyme Schem e The Germ by Ogden Nash A mighty creature is the germ, Though smaller than the pachyderm. His customary dwelling place Is deep within the human race. His childish pride he often pleases By giving people strange diseases. Do you, my poppet, feel infirm? You probably contain a germ. aabbccaaaabbccaa

Dust of Snow by Robert Frost The way a crow Shook down on me The dust of snow From a hemlock tree Has given my heart A change of mood And save some part Of a day I had rued. What’s the Rhyme Scheme?

Repetition Repetition is used to make an impact on the poem’s tone. Words or phrases are repeated throughout the poem. Here comes summer, Chirping robin, budding rose. Here comes summer, Gentle showers, summer clothes. By Shel Silverstein

Rhythm The beat created by the sounds of the words in a poem Rhythm can be created by meter, rhyme, alliteration and refrain “Noisome Naomi” by Jeanee Steig “Naomi’s such a nuisance,” The neighbors all complain. “That nasty little numbskull, She’s at it once again.” “Her voice is like a needle, Her tales are never true. Her language is so noxious It turns the devil blue!” “Naomi is a nightmare, She’s nervy and newt. Her ma and pa are nitwits – They think Naomi’s cute.”

Meter  A pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables.  Meter occurs when the stressed and unstressed syllables of the words in a poem are arranged in a repeating pattern.  Count the number of stressed (strong) syllables and unstressed (weak) syllables for each line.  They repeat the pattern throughout the poem. There once was a fellow named Tim Whose dad never taught him to swim. He fell off a dock And sunk like a rock. And that was the end of him.

Irony Irony illustrates a situation, or a use of language, involving some kind of discrepancy The result of an action or situation is the reverse of what is expected Rime of the Ancient Mariner by Samuel Taylor Coleridge Water, water, every where, And all the boards did shrink; Water, water, every where, Nor any drop to drink.