2. Poetic Elements RELA- 6 th Grade

3. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE

4. SIMILE A comparison of two things using like or as A comparison of two things using like or as –“She is as beautiful as a sunrise.”

5. METAPHOR A direct comparison of two unlike things A direct comparison of two unlike things –He was a tornado tearing through the room.

6. PERSONIFICATION A nonhuman thing given human qualities. A nonhuman thing given human qualities.

7. Hyperbole Exaggeration often used for emphasis. Exaggeration often used for emphasis. –"I nearly died laughing" –"I was hopping mad“ –"I tried a thousand times“

8. Idiom An expression that means something other than what it actually says. An expression that means something other than what it actually says. –Ex. It’s raining cats and dogs.

9. SYMBOLISM When a person, place, thing, or event that has meaning in itself also represents, or stands for, something else. When a person, place, thing, or event that has meaning in itself also represents, or stands for, something else. = Innocence = America = Peace

10. Allusion A reference to something famous. A reference to something famous. Little Johnny told his parents a cheesy story about why he was home so long after curfew. His mother finally stopped him and asked, “Are you crying wolf?”

11. IMAGERY Language that appeals to the senses. Language that appeals to the senses. –Sight, sound, touch, taste, or smell. The sweet taste of Ambrosia, the roses perfuming the air, never again would there be a time so fair.

12. POETRY FORM FORM - the appearance of the words on the page FORM - the appearance of the words on the page - LINE words that make up one row of words in a poem - LINE words that make up one row of words in a poem –VERSE a group of words that make up a “sentence” the poem –STANZA - a group of lines arranged together A word is dead A word is dead When it is said, When it is said, Some say. Some say. I say it just I say it just Begins to live Begins to live That day. That day.

13. SOUND EFFECTS

14. FREE VERSE POETRY Does NOT rhyme: sounds like someone talking. Does NOT rhyme: sounds like someone talking. Running through a field of clover, I stopped to pick a daffodil. I play he loves me, loves me not, The daffy lies, it says he does not love me! Well, what use is a daffy When Jimmy gives me roses? -- Flora Launa

15. RHYME Words sound alike because they share the same ending vowel and consonant sounds. Words sound alike because they share the same ending vowel and consonant sounds. (A word always rhymes with itself.) (A word always rhymes with itself.) LAMP LAMP STAMP STAMP DOOR DOOR SNORE SNORE JIMMY JIMMY GIMME GIMME

16. END RHYME A word at the end of one line that rhymes with a word at the end of another line A word at the end of one line that rhymes with a word at the end of another line Hector the Collector Hector the Collector Collected bits of string. Collected bits of string. Collected dolls with broken heads Collected dolls with broken heads And rusty bells that would not ring. And rusty bells that would not ring.

17. RHYME SCHEME A pattern of rhyme (usually end rhyme, but not always). A pattern of rhyme (usually end rhyme, but not always). Use the letters of the alphabet to represent sounds to be able to visually “see” the pattern. (See next slide for an example.) Use the letters of the alphabet to represent sounds to be able to visually “see” the pattern. (See next slide for an example.)

18. SAMPLE RHYME SCHEME The Germ by Ogden Nash The Germ by Ogden Nash A mighty creature is the germ, A mighty creature is the germ, Though smaller than the pachyderm. Though smaller than the pachyderm. His customary dwelling place His customary dwelling place Is deep within the human race. Is deep within the human race. His childish pride he often pleases His childish pride he often pleases By giving people strange diseases. By giving people strange diseases. Do you, my poppet, feel infirm? Do you, my poppet, feel infirm? You probably contain a germ. You probably contain a germ. aabbccaaaabbccaa

19. ONOMATOPOEIA Words that imitate the sound they are naming Words that imitate the sound they are naming BUZZ BUZZ Trot-trot Trot-trot

20. Rhythm The musical quality produced by the repetition of stressed and unstressed syllables. The musical quality produced by the repetition of stressed and unstressed syllables. –I love the sound of the human voice, I hear all sounds running together, combined, fused, or following, Sounds of the city and sounds out of the city, sounds of the day and night.

21. ALLITERATION Consonant sounds repeated at the beginnings of words Consonant sounds repeated at the beginnings of words If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers, how many pickled peppers did Peter Piper pick? If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers, how many pickled peppers did Peter Piper pick?

22. ASSONANCE Repeated VOWEL sounds in a line or lines of poetry. Repeated VOWEL sounds in a line or lines of poetry. (Often creates near rhyme.) (Often creates near rhyme.) LakeFateBaseFade LakeFateBaseFade (All share the long “a” sound.) (All share the long “a” sound.)

23. ASSONANCE cont. Examples of ASSONANCE: “Slow the low gradual moan came in the snowing.” - John Masefield “Shall ever medicine thee to that sweet sleep.” - William Shakespeare

24. REFRAIN A sound, word, phrase or line repeated in a poem. A sound, word, phrase or line repeated in a poem. “Quoth the raven, ‘Nevermore.’” “Quoth the raven, ‘Nevermore.’”

26. “Be Still my Beating Heart” - Sting Lyric Poetry Expresses emotions, appeals to your senses (like music).

27. A Poem that tells a story (has the elements of a story). “My Father is a Simple Man” by Luis Sachar

28. Dramatic Poetry A Dramatizes action through dialogue or monologue. A Dramatic Monologue is often from a fictional character’s point of view.

29. When a word or phrase is repeated just once or in one specific area of the poem.

30. Who the Speaker of the Poem is What is their tone? The Point of view can be the actual poet him/herself, but may also be an animal, an inanimate object, or a fictional character.

31. Irony When something that wasn’t expected happens. (the opposite of what is expected happens)

32. HAIKU A poem with 3 lines: Line 1: 5 syllables Line 2: 7 syllables Line 3: 5 syllables I Love you so much, I long to see your beauty, Love the way you shine. “You”

33. Cinquains Sister Smart, Outgoing Loving, playing, Laughing Always in for some fun Friend A Diamante is a poem that resembles a diamond. It has 5 lines and begins with one word. The 2 nd line has two adjectives that describe that word. The 3 rd, three verbs. The 4 th line is a phrase that goes deeper into the topic. The 5 th line gives either a synonym for the first word, or a word that encompasses the whole poem. The Diamante Pattern: Line1: One word Line2: Two words Line 3: Three words Line 4: Four words Line 5: One word Hot Very Warm Stifling, stinging, staining You can barely breathe Humid

34. Poetry in which authors use both words and physical shape to convey a message.

35. Limerick A funny poem that has the following pattern: A funny poem that has the following pattern: –Lines 1, 2, and 5 rhyme –Lines 3 and 4 rhyme There once was a pauper named Meg Who accidentally broke her leg. She slipped on the ice. Not once, but thrice Take no pity on her, I beg.