August 2008 Entomology Original PowerPoint by Mark Morgan Modified by Georgia Agriculture Education Curriculum Office November 2005

August 2008 What is Entomology? -the branch of zoology that deals with the study of insects

August 2008 On average there are more than 750,000 species of insects that have been identified worldwide.

August 2008 There are only approximately 10,000 species of insects that are harmful to humans.

August 2008 Problems –Deadly epidemics of the past have been caused by diseased organisms carried by insects. –Example: Bubonic Plague epidemic that wiped out the population of Europe in the 14 century was carried by fleas that infested rodents

August 2008 Classification of insects: –Kingdom –Phyla –Class –Order –Family –Genus –Species

August 2008 The highest level is the Kingdom The most specific is the species level. Organisms are usually classified by the genus and species. This is called a binomial nomenclature.

August 2008 Six orders of insects: -Orthoptera- which includes the grasshopper and locust –Hemiptera- which includes the true bugs such as leaf hoppers and plant bugs –Lepidoptera – moths and butterflies –Homoptera- aphids

August 2008 Cont’d… –Thysanoptera- thrips –Coleoptera- which is the largest group of the insect orders this has beetles

August 2008 How are insects grouped? by the way they feed on plants by their mouth parts

August 2008 Six Mouth Parts –Sponging –Rasping- sucking –Siphoning –Chewing-lapping –Chewing –Piercing- sucking

August 2008 Insects have no internal skeleton and they rely on their hard outer coating, exoskeleton, which protects their inner organs and supports their body.

August 2008 Parts of an Insect –Head –Thorax –Abdomen

August 2008 Head –Has a pair of compound eye and two sensory appendages called antennae

August 2008 Thorax – is divided into three segments from which are attached three pairs of legs

August 2008 Abdomen –is attached to the thorax –which will contain more segments

August 2008 Life Cycles –Incomplete Metamorphosis –Complete Metamorphosis

August 2008 Incomplete Metamorphosis Eggs to Early nymph (no wings) to late nymph (wings developing) Goes to Adult

August 2008 Complete Metamorphosis Eggs to Larva to Pupa to Adult

August 2008 What Is a Larva? It is when the young insect has soft tubular body and looks very much like a worm

August 2008 What Is the Pupa Stage? The larva matures and will pass through the pupa stages which is usually a relatively dormant stage.

August 2008 What is DDT? –This is a chemical that was discovered by German name Othmar Zeidler in –It is a chemical used to reduce the number of insects in a given area. –Example: mosquitoes in the tropics

August 2008 Integrated Pest Management Cultural methods Insect diseases and predators Pheromones Release of sterile males Insect resistant plants varieties