INTRODUCTION BUILDING SERVICES – I

WHAT IS A BUILDING?   A structure that has a roof and walls and stands permanently in one place. ROOF WALLS Different Function – Different Sizes Residential Building – Small Size Group Housing – Medium Size INTRODUCTION The primary function of buildings is to provide shelter to its occupants. Commercial / Institutional Buildings– Large Size

Group I – Hazardous Buildings Classification Of Buildings According to National Building code of India 1970, Different classification (or) types of buildings on the basis of occupancy are, Group A – Residential Buildings Group B – Educational Buildings Group C – Institutional Buildings Group D – Assembly Buildings Group E – Business Buildings Group F – Mercantile Buildings Group G – Industrial Buildings Group H – Storage Buildings

Group A – Residential Buildings: Sleeping accommodation is provided Permanently or temporarily dwelling With or without cooking or dining or facilities Example: apartments, flats, bungalows, dormitories, private houses, hotels, hostels, cottages, holiday campus, clubs, motels, etc., Group B – Educational Buildings : Buildings meant for education Nursery to the university Example: schools, colleges, universities, training institutes, etc.

Group C –Institutional Buildings : Any building used for the purposes such as medical, health, recovering health after illness, physical or mental disease, care of infants or aged persons, panel detention, etc. Normally provide sleeping accommodation for the occupants. Group D –Assembly Buildings : Building where groups of people assemble or gather for amusement, recreation, social, religious, patriotic or similar purpose, Example: theatres, cinema halls, assembly halls, auditorium, exhibition halls, museums, gymnasiums, restaurants, places of worship, passenger stations, public transportation services, etc.

Group E –Business Buildings : Building which is used for purposes such as transaction of business, keeping of accounts and records, dispensaries and clinics, news stands, barber shops, banks, city halls, etc., Group F – Mercantile Buildings : Building which is used as shops, stores, market for sale and display of products or wares either wholesale or retail.

Group G – Industrial Buildings : Building or structure in which products are fabricated, assembled or processed. Example: laboratories, assembly plants, laundries, gas plants, power plants, refineries, diaries, etc., Group H – Storage Buildings : Building structures which are primarily used for storage or sheltering of goods, wares, merchandise, vehicles or animals. Example: ware houses, cold storages, depots, store houses, truck terminals, garages, etc.,

Group I – Hazardous Buildings : Building structures which are used for the storage, handling, manufacture of materials which are liable to burn with extreme rapidity and prove hazardous to health, building or building contents. Buildings used for storage of gases under high pressure or for storage and handling of highly flammable liquids or explosive materials, explosives, fire works, etc., are included in this group.

 Building function cannot be limited to provide shelter only. WHAT ARE SERVICES?   A structure that has a roof and walls and stands permanently in one place.   The primary function of buildings is to provide shelter to its occupants. WHAT IS A BUILDING? and you are left with a cold, dark, uninhabitable shell. How will you feel???? For examples imagine yourself in your dream house or shopping mall now take away the lighting, air-conditioning and ventilation, the lifts and escalators, acoustics, plumbing, power supply and energy management systems, the security and safety systems...  Building should be designed in such a way to provide an environment where people can feel comfortable, work, live and achieve.  Basically “BUILDING SERVICES” is what that makes a building come to life i.e. what makes the building work.

  A structure that has a roof and walls and stands permanently in one place.   The primary function of buildings is to provide shelter to its occupants.  Building function cannot be limited to provide shelter only.  Basically “BUILDING SERVICES” is what make the building comes to life i.e. what makes the building work.  Building should be designed in such a way to provide an environment where people can feel comfortable, work, live and achieve. WHAT ARE SERVICES? WHAT IS A BUILDING? A building must do what it was designed to do - not just provide shelter but also provide a safe, comfortable & livable environment. Building services contribute largely to the sustainability & functioning of the building. So, Everything inside a building which makes it safe and comfortable, comes under the title of 'Building services'.

Air conditioning and refrigeration Energy supply – gas and electricity Building services include: Heating and ventilating Water supply – supply, drainage and plumbing Lighting - Day lighting and artificial lighting Escalators and lifts Harnessing solar, wind and biomass energy Communications, telephones and IT networks Security and alarm systems Fire detection and protection

Classification Of Building Services Building services are mainly divided into: Mechanical systems include: HVAC Systems. Site drainage Gas Supply Plumbing Fire protection Electrical systems include: Electrical power Lighting Auxiliary Building operation systems include: Transportation Processing Automation They are all very important part of planning, designing and construction of a building. Mechanical Systems, Electrical Systems And Building Operation System.

HVAC Systems: stands for “heating, ventilating and air-conditioning” and includes a variety of active mechanical/electrical systems to provide thermal control in buildings Control of the thermal environment is a key objective for virtually all occupied buildings. Better thermal comfort will influence occupant health, satisfaction and productivity. Site Drainage: water, drainage, sanitary disposal, Removal of waste water from kitchens, bathrooms, sinks, soil waste(toilet waste), storm water management and surface runoff to local sewerage system. Gas Supply: cooking gas, commercial gas, oxygen & nitrogen gas in hospitals Storage, Piping, Pressure Regulation & Supply of gas from its container to required area. Plumbing: water distribution, water treatment, sanitary facilities. Storage, distribution (piping), sanitary fixtures (taps, WC’s, showers, etc) Fire protection: water supply, water sprinklers, fire and smoke detection, announcement. Mechanical systems: Brief Introduction

Electrical power: Normal, standby, emergency power supply and distribution Transportation: Elevators, escalators, moving walkways/ travelators, parking, etc. Lighting: Interior, exterior, emergency light. Auxiliary: Telephone, data, audio and video sound Building operation systems: Processing: Products, food service, etc. Automation: Environmental controls, management, automated lighting, automated parking, etc. Electrical systems : Brief Introduction

Importance Of Building Services Building should be designed such that it provides better lighting, comfortable space, temperature and air quality, convenient power and communication capability, high quality sanitation and reliable systems for the protection of life and property. The implementation of services demands a considerable amount of floor and ceiling so proper planning is necessary for their allocation. What Is The Role Of An Architect ? Building services are indispensable for buildings. As an example certain types of building such as department store or industrial buildings are almost 100% dependent on electrical lighting, ventilating and air-conditioning and High rise buildings rely on vertical transportation and high speed pressure for water supply. Responsible for the design and planning of the mechanical, electrical and public health systems required for the safe, comfortable and environmentally friendly operation of modern buildings.

Unit-II a. Introduction to the basic services such as Water Supply, Sewerage and Electrical Services required in a single storied residential building. Unit III a. Details of essential fittings and fixtures required in a single storied residential building. Course Content Unit-I: a. Introduction to definition and meaning of “Building Services” and “Service Infrastructure in relation to various scales of the built environment. b. Various services required in contemporary buildings and the role of the architect in providing for these,

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