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20-2 McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,All Rights Reserved. Part Four ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF DATA

20-3 Chapter Twenty PRESENTING RESULTS: Written and Oral Reports

20-4 Written Research Report Short report –For well-defined, limited-scope problems with straight-forward methodology –Usually 5 or fewer pages –Formats Findings summary (graphical or tabular) attached to letter of transmittal Business letter Internal memorandum

20-5 Written Research Report Short Report (Memorandum) –Reason for writing –Answer direct inquiry with specific answer and supporting detail –Expository style with brevity and directness –Attach detailed materials as appendices when needed

20-6 Written Research Report Long report –Technical report –Management report

20-7 Long Report Components Prefatory Items –Letter of transmittal –Title page –Authorization letter –Executive summary –Table of contents Introduction –Problem statement –Research objectives –Background Methodology –Sampling design –Research design –Data collection –Data analysis –Limitations Conclusions –Summary conclusions –Recommendations Appendices Bibliography

20-8 Written Report Considerations Order of report –Sentence outline –Topic outline Comprehensibility –Readability indices –Pace –Tone

20-9 Presentation of Statistics Text paragraph format Semi-tabular format Tabular format Graphical format

20-10 Graphical Formats Line graphs Area charts Pie charts Bar charts Pictographs/Geo-Graphics 3-D graphics

20-11 Oral Presentations Preparation –Length –Content –Style Scripted Extemporaneous –Audiovisuals Type Role Content –Opening –Findings and conclusions –Recommendations Delivery –Vocal characteristics –Physical characteristics

20-12 Audiovisual Aids Chalkboards Whiteboards Handout materials Flip charts Slides Overhead transparencies Computer-drawn visuals Computer animation