What is in your digestive system? How does the Digestive System provide nutrients and energy to our cells? What is in your digestive system?

Learning Objectives Recall the parts of the digestive system Explain what happens to the food in each organ Explain how food is digested, absorbed and transported to the cells

Your Task Today You will work cooperatively to complete your booklets. There are 7 posters around the room with information about each part of the digestive system. Work around the room to complete the sheets by sharing the information that you collect. After collecting your information you will write a script to describe the Journey of a Grain of Rice.

The Digestive System What is the function of the digestive system? __________________________________________ Label the parts of the digestive system

The Mouth ______ What is Mechanical Digestion? ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ 2. How does saliva help digestion in the mouth and stomach? _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ The Mouth ______

1. How does the stomach mix the food, what part of the stomach will help this? _____________________________________ ___________________________ 2. What substance in the stomach is an important part of the immune system, how does it help? 3. Which enzyme helps the digestion of proteins? ________________________________ 4. What are proteins broken down into? The Stomach O ________ Extension Activity: The stomach contains very strong acid, which part of the stomach protects it from corrosion? How does it do this? _______________________________________________________

______ Small Intestine ________________________________ What two products does fat get broken down into? ________________________________ What is the function of bile in the small intestine? What enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of fats? Small Intestine ______

The Small Intestine- Microvilli What is the main function of the small intestine? ___________________________________________________ How do adaptations in the small intestine help this function? Explain the adaptations with as much detail as you can. _____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ How do the digested products reach the cells around the body?

Large Intestine Why is the appendix in humans so small? 1. What remains of the food after it reaches the large intestine? ________________________ ______________________ 2. Why is water so valuable to our bodies, how does the large intestine help conserve water? ________________________ ________________________ _____________________ 3. Where does the digested food pass after the large intestine? 4. What is the final product of digestion? _______________________ Why is the appendix in humans so small? ____________________________________________________________________________________

Liver and Pancreas What is the function of the pancreas? _______________________ Name the three products of the pancreas and describe what they do. 1 ______________________ 2______________________ 3______________________ What is the function of the liver in the body? ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________

Respiration What is respiration? Why is it important? ________________________________________________________________________________________ What is the equation for respiration? _________ + _________  _________ + ________

The Journey of a Grain of Rice Use ALL the information you have collected today to describe what happens to a grain of rice as it passes through the digestive system Write a script to act out the journey Or Draw labeled diagrams Write a detailed explanation of the different stages

Peer Assessment Activity You have collected lots of information about the digestive system. Write three sentences about the things you have learned today: 1. ___________________________________ 2. ___________________________________ 3. ___________________________________ What questions could you ask your fellow students to test their knowledge? 1. ______________________________________________ 2. ______________________________________________ 3. ______________________________________________ What question could you ask Mr. Butt to test his knowledge (make it really tough because he is very clever) __________________________________________________

The mouth performs two functions: 1 The mouth performs two functions: 1. Mechanical digestion involves chewing – teeth chop and grind food into small pieces. 2. Mixing food with saliva saliva starts the break down of carbohydrates (starch) using an enzyme called amylase. The Mouth Amylase

The Oesophagus After being swallowed the food travels down the oesophagus.

The stomach continues to mix the food with digestive enzymes The stomach continues to mix the food with digestive enzymes. Amylase continues to digest carbohydrates Proteins are digested in the stomach and small intestine. Protease enzymes break down proteins into amino acids. Digestion of proteins in the stomach is helped by stomach acid, which is strong hydrochloric acid. This also kills harmful micro-organisms that may be in the food. The Stomach O Protease

Small Intestine Lipase Lipase enzymes break down fat into fatty acids and glycerol. Digestion of fat in the small intestine is helped by bile, made in the liver. Bile breaks the fat into small droplets that are easier for the lipase enzymes to work on. Small Intestine Lipase

The Small Intestine- Microvilli The inside of the intestine is folded and covered in microvilli. The microvilli increase the surface area of the intestine to increase the absorption of carbohydrates, amino acids and fats

Large Intestine By the time food reaches the large intestine all useful nutrients have been absorbed into the blood. All that remains are waste products of digestion and water. The water is very valuable so is absorbed into the blood stream Waste products pass through the large intestine to be stored in the rectum before passing out of the anus as faeces. The appendix is used to help some animals digest cellulose in plants. In humans the appendix has a very limited role as humans do not need to digest cellulose for carbohydrates.

Liver and Pancreas The liver and the pancreas play important part in digestion. The liver produces bile, which helps the digestion of fat. The pancreas produces chemicals called digestive enzymes such as: Protease - proteins Carbohydrase (amylase) - carbohydrates Lipase - fats

The Digestive System What is the function of the digestive system? __________________________________________ Label the parts of the digestive system

The Mouth ______ What is Mechanical Digestion? ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ 2. How does saliva help digestion in the mouth and stomach? _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ The Mouth ______

1. How does the stomach mix the food, what part of the stomach will help this? _____________________________________ ___________________________ 2. What substance in the stomach is an important part of the immune system, how does it help? 3. Which enzyme helps the digestion of proteins? ________________________________ 4. What are proteins broken down into? The Stomach O ________ Extension Activity: The stomach contains very strong acid, which part of the stomach protects it from corrosion? How does it do this? _______________________________________________________

______ Small Intestine ________________________________ What two products does fat get broken down into? ________________________________ What is the function of bile in the small intestine? What enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of fats? Small Intestine ______

The Small Intestine- Microvilli What is the main function of the small intestine? ___________________________________________________ How do adaptations in the small intestine help this function? Explain the adaptations with as much detail as you can. _____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ How do the digested products reach the cells around the body?

Large Intestine Why is the appendix in humans so small? 1. What remains of the food after it reaches the large intestine? ________________________ ______________________ 2. Why is water so valuable to our bodies, how does the large intestine help conserve water? ________________________ ________________________ _____________________ 3. Where does the digested food pass after the large intestine? 4. What is the final product of digestion? _______________________ Why is the appendix in humans so small? ____________________________________________________________________________________

Liver and Pancreas What is the function of the pancreas? _______________________ Name the three products of the pancreas and describe what they do. 1 ______________________ 2______________________ 3______________________ What is the function of the liver in the body? ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________

Respiration What is respiration? Why is it important? ________________________________________________________________________________________ What is the equation for respiration? _________ + _________  _________ + ________