Colonial Trade & Faction Mercantilism Navigation Acts Colonial Rebellion The Enlightenment

English Mercantilism Charles II: , colonial strategy Charles II: , colonial strategy Gold: build up gold reserves. Gold: build up gold reserves. Manufacturing: use colonial raw material Manufacturing: use colonial raw material Trade: export more than import Trade: export more than import –Limit competition from other countries. Navy: build strong navy to protect trade. Navy: build strong navy to protect trade. Protectionism: high import duties. Protectionism: high import duties.

Navigation Acts Series of laws to achieve Mercantilist goals Series of laws to achieve Mercantilist goals 1) Only English ships and crew could trade 1) Only English ships and crew could trade –with the colonies 2) Enumerated goods: tobacco, sugar, 2) Enumerated goods: tobacco, sugar, –Cotton, indigo, rice, molasses, rosin, tar, fur. –Could only be shipped to England 3) Staple Act: all imports to America first 3) Staple Act: all imports to America first –had to go to English ports. 4) 1673: tax collected at American ports, Admiralty Court Effect: on whole, probably helped America Effect: on whole, probably helped America

Colonial Rebellions Bacon’s Rebellion: Virginian indentured, Bacon’s Rebellion: Virginian indentured, –Poor, rise up. Governor does not fight –Indians. Bacon burns Jamestown. (1676) Colonial Glorious Revolution:1686 JamesII Colonial Glorious Revolution:1686 JamesII –The Dominion (7 colonies). Governor Andros. –Enforce Navigation Acts, pay taxes, abolished all assemblies. English Revolution. Mass. deposes Andros. New royal charters. (1689).

Bacon’s Rebellion: 1676

The Enlightenment “Age of Reason,” science Rational explanation for everything Man can improve environment Institutions should be based on reason. Deism: God like watchmaker Newton, Locke, Galileo, Voltaire, Ben Franklin: practical, stove, electricity, –L–L–L–Library, fire dept, Philosophical Society, lottery –B–B–B–Bifocals, Poor Richards Almanac

Isaac Newton

Ben Franklin: ( )