Bryce Carlson Leslie Wallace Tom Maloney

 Professional Ethics  Personal Ethics  Professional vs Personal  Benefits/Problems  Impact on Technology  Ethical Problems  Legal Aspects  Responsibilities  Case Studies

 Professionally accepted standards of personal and business behavior, values, and guiding principles  The professional is an expert in a certain field, such as computer science  Most people affected by the devices, systems, etc. rely on the professional’s  Knowledge  Expertise  Honesty

 Relationships and responsibilities toward:  Customers  Clients  Coworkers  Any others?  Main idea: As a professional, your actions and decisions not only affect you and those close to you but also many people you don’t know.

 Personal Ethics:  Ethics that a person identifies in respect to people/situations they deal with in everyday life  Examples ??

 Professional Ethics  Ethics that a person must adhere to in respect of their interactions and business dealings in their professional life  Example: In your spare time at work you have developed a new program on the personal computer in your office. It is even more powerful and faster than the program that is being used by the company. You tell your friend about the program and he encourages you to market it on your own because you could make an incredible profit from it. It would be great to make a lot of money off the program however you developed it using company equipment and used some of the code from the companies’ program. What do you do?

 Benefits:  Create programs/systems that can help others and help advance technology/other fields  Have control over how the program will look and run (not always)  Problems:  Making a bad decision (even minor) could affect many people in a very negative way  People could lose faith/trust in you if you make even one mistake  ( video example.. )

 Many people rely on technology throughout their everyday lives  A professional’s work can affect the life, health, finances, and future of a client or member of the public  Medical (pacemaker)  Financial (banking)  Research (NASA’s space shuttles)

 Most people know little about the field and how programs/systems work  Professionals responsibility to make the program easy for user’s to understand and use yet complex enough to complete the user’s task

 Usually more subtle than the decisions of being honest or dishonest  Some issues that computer professionals must confront are:  First critical step while confronting an ethical issue is recognizing that you have one

 A comprehensive understanding and of relevant state laws and professional guidelines accompanied with knowledge of best practices are essential to reduce potential ethical violations.

 Confidentiality  Respect for Religious, Cultural, and Other Differences  Informed Consent  Boundaries

 Include thinking about potential risks in:  Privacy  Security  Safety  Reliability  Ease of Use  Any Others?

 Bradley Manning  Leaked sensitive information  Information was harmful to the other US troops  Received Military Clearance to view sensitive data  These clearances binded him to not release information to anyone including family

 Stakeholders  US Government  American People  Enemies  Bradley Manning  ?

 Positive Rights  US Government  Right to protect information  Right to enforce clearances  Negative Rights  Bradley Manning  Freedom of Speech

 Consequentualist  Disregarding the procedures, was the overall outcome good?  Deontological  Did he follow all of the rules throughout the release of information?  Utilitarianist  Is the overall happiness greater than the overall suffering?  How do you measure happiness?

 ACM Codes  1.2 Avoid harm to others.  2.6 Honor contracts, agreements, and assigned responsibilities.

 “Bob”  Programmer who outsourced his own job to China and had a Chinese firm do his work for him  Paid approximately $50,000 from his six-figure salary to the firm who would write computer programs on his behalf  Before catching “Bob”, he received excellent performance reviews and was considered best developer in the building  A forensic image of Bob’s workstation revealed that he normally watched cat videos, shopped on Ebay, and talked to people on Facebook instead of working

 Stakeholders  “Bob”  Company  Verizon  Chinese firm  Any others?

 Positive Rights  Company  Right to make sure that their intellectual property is secure  “Bob”  Obligated as an employee to do his job correctly and follow the rules of the agreement signed when the job was accepted  Negative Rights  Company  Right to make money  Right to sell their products  “Bob”  Right to privacy in his own home

 Deontological (Solution)  “Bob” was terminated due to outsourcing his own job even though the job had been finished correctly  Consequentialist  Company would have let “Bob” keep his job even though he outsourced his work due to the fact that it was done correctly  Utilitarianism  Company would have let “Bob” keep his job even though he outsourced his work due to the fact that the company had gotten what they wanted, “Bob” can keep watching cat videos, and the Chinese firm is making money (everyone’s happy!)

 ACM Codes  1.2 Avoid harm to others  1.3 Be honest and trustworthy  1.6 Give proper credit for intellectual property  1.7 Respect privacy of others

 NSA  added on analysis

 Professional Ethics  Personal Ethics  Professional vs Personal  Benefits/Problems  Impact on Technology  Ethical Problems  Legal Aspects  Responsibilities  Case Studies

QUESTIONSQUESTIONS

 “Professional Ethics.”BusinessDictionary.n.d. Web. 28 Nov  “Examples of Ethical Dilemmas.”DifferenceMakers.n.d. Web. 28 Nov  “The Difference Between Personal and Professional Ethics.” Immigration Advisers Authority. n.d. Web. 29 Nov < c/difference- personal-professional.asp>  Anderson, Ronald. “Social Impacts of Computing: Codes of Professional Ethics”.Web

 Moon, Sophia. December 4, “Professional, Ethical, and Legal Issues and Violations in Human Services.” ethical-legal-issues-violations htmlhttp://voices.yahoo.com/professional- ethical-legal-issues-violations html  “ACM Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct.” acm.org. Association for Computing Machinery. 16 Oct Web. 1 Dec  “U.S. programmer outsources own job to China, surfs cat videos.” cnn.com. CNN. 17 Jan Web. 1 Dec  “Case Study: Pro-active Log Review Might Be A Good Idea.” verizonenterprise.com. Verizon. 14 Jan Web. 1 Dec