© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 12 – Neural Tissue $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $ $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 Structures and Functions Nerve Glue and Other Goo Are You Receiving? Transmitting You Get on My Nerves FINAL ROUND

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following is (are) correct concerning structural classifications of neurons? a. Multipolar neurons control skeletal muscles. b. Bipolar neurons function in the senses of hearing, smell, and vision. c. Anaxonic neurons have indistinguishable axons and dendrites. d. All of the above statements are correct. Topic 1: Structures and Functions $100 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following is (are) correct concerning structural classifications of neurons? a. Multipolar neurons control skeletal muscles. b. Bipolar neurons function in the senses of hearing, smell, and vision. c. Anaxonic neurons have indistinguishable axons and dendrites. d. All of the above statements are correct. Topic 1: Structures and Functions $100 Answer BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. The two functional divisions of the peripheral nervous system are the afferent and efferent divisions. What are their respective functions? a. control of the central nervous system; control of the peripheral nervous system b. control of neurons; control of neuroglia c. sensory input to the CNS; carries motor commands to muscles or glands d. carries motor commands to muscles or glands; sensory input to the CNS Topic 1: Structures and Functions $200 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. The two functional divisions of the peripheral nervous system are the afferent and efferent divisions. What are their respective functions? a. control of the central nervous system; control of the peripheral nervous system b. control of neurons; control of neuroglia c. sensory input to the CNS; carries motor commands to muscles or glands d. carries motor commands to muscles or glands; sensory input to the CNS Topic 1: Structures and Functions $200 Answer BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. A unipolar neuron is a _______ that has its cell body in the ________. a. motor neuron; ventral root ganglia b. sensory neuron; ventral root ganglia c. motor neuron; dorsal root ganglia d. sensory neuron; dorsal root ganglia Topic 1: Structures and Functions $300 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. A unipolar neuron is a _______ that has its cell body in the ________. a. motor neuron; ventral root ganglia b. sensory neuron; ventral root ganglia c. motor neuron; dorsal root ganglia d. sensory neuron; dorsal root ganglia Topic 1: Structures and Functions $300 Answer BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Damage to somatic motor neurons of the efferent division of the PNS would affect the ability to: a. learn new facts. b. stimulate skeletal muscle. c. experience sensory stimuli. d. remember past events. Topic 1: Structures and Functions $400 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Damage to somatic motor neurons of the efferent division of the PNS would affect the ability to: a. learn new facts. b. stimulate skeletal muscle. c. experience sensory stimuli. d. remember past events. Topic 1: Structures and Functions $400 Answer BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. The functional classification of neurons that are responsible for integrating sensory information with motor output are called ______. These neurons are located __________. a. motor neurons; in the anterior horn of the spinal cord b. proprioceptors; in skeletal muscles and joints c. interneurons; almost exclusively in the CNS d. interoceptors; in the digestive, respiratory, and cardiovascular systems Topic 1: Structures and Functions $500 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. The functional classification of neurons that are responsible for integrating sensory information with motor output are called ______. These neurons are located __________. a. motor neurons; in the anterior horn of the spinal cord b. proprioceptors; in skeletal muscles and joints c. interneurons; almost exclusively in the CNS d. interoceptors; in the digestive, respiratory, and cardiovascular systems Topic 1: Structures and Functions $500 Answer BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the CNS neuroglial cells function as phagocytic cells? a. satellite cells b. microglia c. oligodendrocytes d. astrocytes Topic 2: Nerve Glue and Other Goo $100 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the CNS neuroglial cells function as phagocytic cells? a. satellite cells b. microglia c. oligodendrocytes d. astrocytes Topic 2: Nerve Glue and Other Goo $100 Answer BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Neuroglia of the PNS include __ and __, and their respective functions are __ and __. a. astrocytes; oligodendrocytes; guide axon regeneration; myelinate axons b. ependymal cells; Schwann cells; form cerebrospinal fluid; form myelin sheath c. satellite cells; Schwann cells; regulate O 2, CO 2, nutrient and transmitter levels; myelinate axons d. microglia; ependymal cells; regulate environment around neurons; form cerebrospinal fluid Topic 2: Nerve Glue and Other Goo $200 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Neuroglia of the PNS include __ and __, and their respective functions are __ and __. a. astrocytes; oligodendrocytes; guide axon regeneration; myelinate axons b. ependymal cells; Schwann cells; form cerebrospinal fluid; form myelin sheath c. satellite cells; Schwann cells; regulate O 2, CO 2, nutrient and transmitter levels; myelinate axons d. microglia; ependymal cells; regulate environment around neurons; form cerebrospinal fluid Topic 2: Nerve Glue and Other Goo $200 Answer BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which type of neuroglia would be found lining the hollow regions of the CNS? a. astrocytes b. microglia c. ependymal cells d. oligodendrocytes Topic 2: Nerve Glue and Other Goo $300 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which type of neuroglia would be found lining the hollow regions of the CNS? a. astrocytes b. microglia c. ependymal cells d. oligodendrocytes Topic 2: Nerve Glue and Other Goo $300 Answer BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which type of voltage-regulated channels are located around the axon hillock? a. voltage-regulated potassium channels b. voltage-regulated calcium channels c. voltage-regulated chloride channels d. voltage-regulated sodium channels Topic 2: Nerve Glue and Other Goo $400 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which type of voltage-regulated channels are located around the axon hillock? a. voltage-regulated potassium channels b. voltage-regulated calcium channels c. voltage-regulated chloride channels d. voltage-regulated sodium channels Topic 2: Nerve Glue and Other Goo $400 Answer BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. What effect would decreasing the concentration of extracellular potassium ions have on the transmembrane potential of a neuron? a. repolarization b. hypopolarization c. decreased transmembrane potential d. hyperpolarization Topic 2: Nerve Glue and Other Goo $500 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. What effect would decreasing the concentration of extracellular potassium ions have on the transmembrane potential of a neuron? a. repolarization b. hypopolarization c. decreased transmembrane potential d. hyperpolarization Topic 2: Nerve Glue and Other Goo $500 Answer BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. The gated channels that respond to physical distortion of the membrane surface are called ________. These channels are important in ________. a. chemically gated channels; dendrites b. mechanically gated channels; sensory receptors c. voltage-gated channels; axons of multipolar and unipolar neurons d. passive channels; areas where the channels must remain open Topic 3: Are You Receiving? $100 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. The gated channels that respond to physical distortion of the membrane surface are called ________. These channels are important in ________. a. chemically gated channels; dendrites b. mechanically gated channels; sensory receptors c. voltage-gated channels; axons of multipolar and unipolar neurons d. passive channels; areas where the channels must remain open Topic 3: Are You Receiving? $100 Answer BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of these is NOT a site at which acetylcholine is released at a synapse? a. at neuromuscular junctions with skeletal muscles b. at ganglionic neuron-to-neuron synapses in the ANS c. sometimes at postganglionic synapses in the sympathetic division of the ANS d. none of the above Topic 3: Are You Receiving? $200 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of these is NOT a site at which acetylcholine is released at a synapse? a. at neuromuscular junctions with skeletal muscles b. at ganglionic neuron-to-neuron synapses in the ANS c. sometimes at postganglionic synapses in the sympathetic division of the ANS d. none of the above Topic 3: Are You Receiving? $200 Answer BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. The effects of a neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic membrane depend on: a. the time involved in calcium influx across the synapse. b. the rate of enzyme inhibition. c. the properties of the release of neurotransmitter. d. the type of receptor. Topic 3: Are You Receiving? $300 Question ANSWER BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. The effects of a neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic membrane depend on: a. the time involved in calcium influx across the synapse. b. the rate of enzyme inhibition. c. the properties of the release of neurotransmitter. d. the type of receptor. Topic 3: Are You Receiving? $300 Answer BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. What is the primary distinction between chemical and electrical synapses? Which type is more rare? a. electrical synapses involve a neurotransmitter; chemical synapses b. electrical synapses involve direct connection between cells; electrical synapses c. chemical synapses involve direct connection between cells; chemical synapses d. electrical synapses always use ACh; both are equally abundant Topic 3: Are You Receiving? $400 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Topic 3: Are You Receiving? $400 Answer What is the primary distinction between chemical and electrical synapses? Which type is more rare? a. electrical synapses involve a neurotransmitter; chemical synapses b. electrical synapses involve direct connection between cells; electrical synapses c. chemical synapses involve direct connection between cells; chemical synapses d. electrical synapses always use ACh; both are equally abundant BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. What effect would blocking voltage-regulated calcium channels at a cholinergic synapse have on synaptic communication? a. Communication would cease. b. Communication would be enhanced. c. Communication would be misdirected. d. Communication would continue as before. Topic 3: Are You Receiving? $500 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. What effect would blocking voltage-regulated calcium channels at a cholinergic synapse have on synaptic communication? a. Communication would cease. b. Communication would be enhanced. c. Communication would be misdirected. d. Communication would continue as before. Topic 3: Are You Receiving? $500 Answer BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which structure of a neuron is capable of propagating an electrical impulse? a. dendrite b. axon c. cell body d. perikaryon Topic 4: Transmitting $100 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which structure of a neuron is capable of propagating an electrical impulse? a. dendrite b. axon c. cell body d. perikaryon Topic 4: Transmitting $100 Answer BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Enhancing the effects of the neurotransmitter ________ has allowed pharmaceutical companies to produce medications that decrease anxiety. a. serotonin b. norepinephrine c. acetylcholine d. GABA Topic 4: Transmitting $200 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Enhancing the effects of the neurotransmitter ________ has allowed pharmaceutical companies to produce medications that decrease anxiety. a. serotonin b. norepinephrine c. acetylcholine d. GABA Topic 4: Transmitting $200 Answer BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin are all members of which category of neurotransmitter? a. hormones b. biogenic amines c. amino acids d. neuropeptides Topic 4: Transmitting $300 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin are all members of which category of neurotransmitter? a. hormones b. biogenic amines c. amino acids d. neuropeptides Topic 4: Transmitting $300 Answer BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. A person you know has experienced sleep problems and prolonged depression. Which neurotransmitter may be in short supply? a. dopamine b. any of the opioids c. acetylcholine d. serotonin Topic 4: Transmitting $400 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. A person you know has experienced sleep problems and prolonged depression. Which neurotransmitter may be in short supply? a. dopamine b. any of the opioids c. acetylcholine d. serotonin Topic 4: Transmitting $400 Answer BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. The relationship between a neurotransmitter, such as NE and cAMP, is that they are _____, which is enhanced by a “link” called a ______. a. both amino acids; carboxyl group b. 1st messenger and 2nd messenger; G protein c. neurotransmitters; 2nd messenger d. EPSP and IPSP; 1st messenger Topic 4: Transmitting $500 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. The relationship between a neurotransmitter, such as NE and cAMP, is that they are _____, which is enhanced by a “link” called a ______. a. both amino acids; carboxyl group b. 1st messenger and 2nd messenger; G protein c. neurotransmitters; 2nd messenger d. EPSP and IPSP; 1st messenger Topic 4: Transmitting $500 Answer BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Excitatory neurotransmitters cause ______, and inhibitory neurotransmitters _____. a. repolarization; return to resting potential b. suppression of generation of action potentials; promote generation of action potentials c. synaptic fatigue; cause synaptic delay d. depolarization; cause hyperpolarization Topic 5: You Get on My Nerves $100 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Excitatory neurotransmitters cause ______, and inhibitory neurotransmitters _____. a. repolarization; return to resting potential b. suppression of generation of action potentials; promote generation of action potentials c. synaptic fatigue; cause synaptic delay d. depolarization; cause hyperpolarization Topic 5: You Get on My Nerves $100 Answer BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. One axon propagates action potentials at 50 meters per second; another carries them at 1 meter per second. Which axon is myelinated? a. axon that propagates at 50 meters per second b. axon that propagates at 1 meter per second Topic 5: You Get on My Nerves $200 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Topic 5: You Get on My Nerves $200 Answer One axon propagates action potentials at 50 meters per second; another carries them at 1 meter per second. Which axon is myelinated? a. axon that propagates at 50 meters per second b. axon that propagates at 1 meter per second BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Topic 5: You Get on My Nerves $300 Question Which of the choices below correctly lists the steps of an action potential? a. resting potential  absolute refractory period  relative refractory period b. all-or-none principle  stimulus triggers action potential  stimulus does not trigger action potential c. depolarization to threshold  activation of sodium channels and depolarization  inactivation of sodium channels and activation of potassium channels  return to normal permeability d. none of the above BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Topic 5: You Get on My Nerves $300 Answer Which of the choices below correctly lists the steps of an action potential? a. resting potential  absolute refractory period  relative refractory period b. all-or-none principle  stimulus triggers action potential  stimulus does not trigger action potential c. depolarization to threshold  activation of sodium channels and depolarization  inactivation of sodium channels and activation of potassium channels  return to normal permeability d. none of the above BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following is true concerning neuromodulators? a. have long-term effects b. act immediately without intermediate steps c. affect neither postsynaptic nor presynaptic membrane d. none of the above Topic 5: You Get on My Nerves $400 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following is true concerning neuromodulators? a. have long-term effects b. act immediately without intermediate steps c. affect neither postsynaptic nor presynaptic membrane d. none of the above Topic 5: You Get on My Nerves $400 Answer BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following statements is (are) true with regard to saltatory propagation? a. Myelinated areas of the axon increase propagation. b. Only nodes along a myelinated axon can respond to a depolarizing stimulus. c. Continuous propagation uses less energy, and fewer sodium ions must be pumped out. d. A and B are correct. Topic 5: You Get on My Nerves $500 Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Which of the following statements is (are) true with regard to saltatory propagation? a. Myelinated areas of the axon increase propagation. b. Only nodes along a myelinated axon can respond to a depolarizing stimulus. c. Continuous propagation uses less energy, and fewer sodium ions must be pumped out. d. A and B are correct. Topic 5: You Get on My Nerves $500 Answer BACK TO GAME

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. In what ways are temporal and spatial summation the same? a. Both require a rapid succession of stimuli at a single synapse. b. Both are methods by which individual EPSPs combine to result in an action potential. c. Both occur when simultaneous stimuli are applied at different locations, causing a cumulative effect on transmembrane potential. d. All of the above are correct. FINAL ROUND Question BACK TO GAME ANSWER

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. In what ways are temporal and spatial summation the same? a. Both require a rapid succession of stimuli at a single synapse. b. Both are methods by which individual EPSPs combine to result in an action potential. c. Both occur when simultaneous stimuli are applied at different locations, causing a cumulative effect on transmembrane potential. d. All of the above are correct. FINAL ROUND Answer BACK TO GAME