김현욱 / 자료조사, Quiz 김은기 / PPT제작 한지수 / 자료조사, Quiz 김민지 / 자료조사, Quiz 강유경 / 발표

Gram (-) facultative anaerobes Comma-shaped rods Capsule, spore (X) Oxidase(+), urease(-), Catalase(+) 18~38℃, pH 6~9 O antigen, H antigen 0.5~3% NaCl 필요 (Halophilic) Marine vibrio Polar flagella

Epidemic cholera or Asiatic cholera Free living in endemic regions Influence by climate : Warm, Alkaline, Saline condition El Tor biotype Outbreak in several part

Cholera toxin (CT) – Disrupt the normal physiology of intestinal cell

primary symptoms - Secretary diarrhea(‘rice-water stool’) - Vomiting - Loss of blood volume - Acidosis - Potassium depletion Secondary symptoms - Hypotension, tachycardia, cyanosis, collapse from shock within hour  If untreated, death less than 48 hours (mortality rate: 55%)

Epidemiologic studies Isolate & Identify from stool sample Dark-field microscopy - Curved cells with brisk darting motility Immobilization or fluorescent staining by group specific antisera

Prompt replacement of water & electrolyte - ORT(oral rehydration therapy) - Intravenous replenishment oral antibody - Tetracycline Trimethoprimsulfa(지사제)

Proper sewage disposal Water purification Vaccine for traveler in endemic region

Acute form of gastroenteritis Eaten raw, partially cooked, poorly stored seafood squid, mackerel, sardines, crabs, tuna, shrimp, oysters, clams Coastal regions - during the summer & early fall Incubation period 24hours  explosive, watery diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, fever

Ingesting raw oysters Patient with diabetes or liver disease  cause death from food-borne illness Fluid & electrolyte replacement, antibiotics Continuous Refrigeration Sufficient cooking temperature

contaminated beverages and food, especially water, milk, meat, and chicken

adhere mucosa at the last segment of the small intestine (ileum) → burrow through the mucosa → taken in by intestinal cell

CJT (Campylobacter jejuni enterotoxin) - heat labile enterotoxin → Diarrhea like cholera

Isolation from fecal sample, blood sample Dark-field examination with feces -> curved rods and motility (rapid presumptive diagnosis) C.jejuni : microaerophilic -> selective agar

gastroenteritis fever, diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloody or watery diarrhea lasts about 1 week and is self-limiting Sequela: neurological disease called Guillain-Barr'e syndrome

Nonspecific rehydration therapy, electrolyte balance erythromycin, tetracycline, aminoglycosides, quinolones - severely affected patients vaccines are yet to be developed proper sanitary control of water and milk supplies care in food harvesting and preparation

sexually transmitted disease of sheep, cattle, goats -> abortion debilitated person or women late in pregnancy -> opportunistic pathogen meningitis, pneumonia, arthritis, septicemic infection in the newborn, sexually transmitted proctitis in adults cephalothin sensitivity

in oral cavity Catalase (-) Diarrhea

Gram-negative Spiral and Curved rods Microaerophilic Oxidative Several polar flagella - Motile Grow in human stomach (acidic environment) Urease (+)

1979, first detected -> 2005, Nobel Prize Half of the people in the world -> infected Transmitted from person to person by house flies (oral-oral or oral-fecal route) Acquired early in life -> carried asymptomatically Higher rate of ulcer in blood type ‘O’ -receptor specific for helicobacter is the same receptor as type O blood

Formation of urease : urea -> ammonium & bicarbonate(alkaline) -neutralize stomach acid Immune evasion (not effective immune reaction)  proliferate germs + increase pathogenicity

urease test urea breath test (urea -> radioactive CO2) PCR for microbial DNA in biopsies and feces hp-fast test

Tagamet Clarithromycine with stomach acid inhibitors (2-4 weeks)

Foundations in Microbiology/Talaro Chess/McGraw Hill/2008년 병원미생물학/김영권/청구문화사/제3판/2003년/p 최신미생물학/박석기 외 5명/신광문화사/제1판/2002년/p 밀레니엄 미생물학/김관천 외 10명/정문각/제4판/2009년/p

1. Which is incorrect about Vibrio? ① G ram(-) Halophilic ② T hey grow on ordinary selective media containing bile. ③ W hen cholera toxin bind to specific intestinal receptor, a secondary signaling system is activated ④ C holera transmission is greatly influenced by the season of the year and the climate. ⑤ N one of above

2. Which treatment is not proper for Vibrio? ① tetracycline ② oral dehydration ③ oral antibiotic ④ trimethoprimsulfa ⑤ No answer

3. Which of following is catalase (-)? ① C① C.jejuni ② C② C.coli ③ C③ C.sputorum ④ C④ C.laridis ⑤ C⑤ C.fetus

4. Which of following is true about Campylobacter? ① aerophobic ② oxidase (-) ③ mobile with a cilium ④ spinning motility ⑤ in respiratory tract

5. Which is incorrect about Helicobacter pylori? ① Gram negative ② Microaerophilic ③ Oxidase (+) ④ Formation of Urease ⑤ Non-motile

6. How can Helicobater pylori live in human stomach? (in acidic environment) ① Its receptor is the same receptor as type O blood ② It is oxidative ③ Its spiral and curved rod shape ④ It can neutralize stomach acid by making ammonium ⑤ It is acidic