Ethical Basis for Laws Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved.

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Ethics - deciding what is right or wrong in a reasoned, impartial manner  Decision must affect you or others in a significant way  Reasoned out by referring to an established authority that provides consistency  The law and religious texts provide authority  Impartial decision - same ethical standards are applied to everyone  Profit maximization may cause businesses to overlook ethics 3Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved.

Consequence-based Ethical Reasoning Look for alternative ways to alter the current situationLook for alternative ways to alter the current situation Alternative that generates the greatest goodAlternative that generates the greatest good Who will be receiving “the good” often is a major considerationWho will be receiving “the good” often is a major consideration 4Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved.

Rule-Based Ethical Reasoning  Acts are judged as right or wrong  Standard for judging comes from a recognized authority or human reasoning  Authority is frequently a religious source a religious source (example: Ten Commandments)  Universalizing - picture everyone doing the action and then asking would the result be irrational, illogical or demeaning 5Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved.

Ethics Reflected in Laws  U.S. Democracy - representatives must vote for laws that are acceptable to the majority of people they represent  Constitution-seeks to protect the well- being of minorities that might be taken advantage of by the wrong actions of the majority 6Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved.

Based on consequences Ethics Based on rules Ethics Obligated to obey the law Ethics 7Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved.

Laws Can Easily Be Broken Fidelity bond- insurance pays the employer money in the case of theft by an employee Scofflaws-persons who do not respect the law and are not deterred by the prospect of being caught or punished Lack of personal integrity - (capacity) to do what is right in the face of temptation or pressure to do otherwise 8Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved.

Civil Disobedience  Open, peaceful, violation of a law to protest its alleged or supposed injustice  Goal to make the legal system more just  View a written law as being in conflict with ethical reasoning 9Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved.

Civil Disobedience  No effective political methods are available to change the law  The civil disobedience is nonviolent  The civil disobedience does not advance a person’s immediate self-interest  The civil disobedience is public and one willingly accepts the punishment for violating the law 10Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved.

Assignments Independent Practice Assignments 1. Ethics PowerPoint Presentation: Divide the class into teams consisting of two students. Each team must prepare a PowerPoint presentation that deals with three ethical situations: shoplifting—stashing candy in the purse, cheating on income taxes to save nearly $2,000, and skipping the automobile emissions inspection with the rationale that you are a mechanic who takes better care of your automobile than a service station. The PowerPoint presentation must indicate the ethical issues involved with each situation, consequences, and who is affected by the unethical actions. 2. Emotions vs. Ethics Table: Split the class into teams of two students. Design a three-column table. The first column should list different situations that involve emotions and ethics. Students should list 10 situations in the first column and then list the response based on emotions and ethics 11 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved.