Chapter 4 HTML Tags

HTML is written in something called tags. Tags come in pairs, an opening one and a closing one. The first pair of tags we'll write are the HTML tags themselves. You put one HTML tag at the top, and one at the bottom: The first Tag tells the browser to start doing something; the second tag tells the browser to stop doing it.

The next pair of tags are the HEAD tags: They go between the two HTML ones: A special instruction your browser can understand is the TITLE tag: The Title tag always goes in the HEAD section of the HTML skeleton. The final, and most important part, of the HTML skeleton is the BODY section.

H tag (Heading) You can have a nice big heading on your web page quite easily. This is done with the H tags. The biggest size heading you can have is H1. If you want smaller sized headings then you change the number after the H. You can have up to 6 different sizes. All headings need to go between the two BODY tags. A Size 1 Heading

Paragraph and BR breaks In HTML, If you want to start a new paragraph, you have to use the P tags. ….paragraph content…. You have to use the P tags whenever you want to start a new paragraph.

The BR tag The BR tag is used when you don't want a full paragraph break. The space between lines of text is then reduced. The BR tag doesn't need a closing tag, and can be just by itself.

Bold and Italics & underline Two more tags that come in useful are the Bold and Italic tags. They are quite easy to use. Here are the Bold tags: And here are the Italic tags:... Welcome …Welcome Underline

HTML Lists You can insert a bulleted list onto your page with HTML. There are two types of lists to choose from: Ordered List and Unordered. An Ordered list is one that uses number, letters, roman numerals, or a combination. An Unordered List is one that uses bullets.

To get a list with numbers or letters, this tag is used: The OL stands for Ordered List, of course. But those two tags won't get you a list. You need to include another tag, the LI tag. LI stands for List Item. You need one pair of LI tags for every item in your list. So for three items, the code is this:

Unordered list There are three types of bullets you can use for unordered lists: Disc, Circle, and Square. You use them like this:

Inserting images into a web page So you have your image file, either a GIF file or a JPEG. How do you get it into a web page? You do so with the IMG tag in HTML. The basic IMG tag looks like this: There are no closing tags for the IMG tag. So you don't do this:

HTML Tables and the TABLE tags Tables were introduced to HTML as a way to make textual data look more presentable on the screen. Things like statistics could be presented in neat rows and columns, making them easier to read. The Table Tags To create a table you need to use the following basic table tags: TABLE, TR, TD. They are laid out like this:

Table Attributes The TABLE tag comes with optional attributes you can use: Align Border Bgcolor Cellpadding Cellspacing Height Width Cellpadding, incidentally, is the space between the text and the cell borders; cellspacing is how far apart each cell is from its neighbour Cell 1 Data.

HTML Hyperlinks Hyperlinks are the backbone of the Web. They provide a means to connect one piece of information (a web page, for example) to another piece of information. If you have designed two web pages, a hyperlink will provide a way to jump from one page to the other. If you have one long web page, a hyperlink can be used as a bookmark to help people jump from one part of the page to another, and back again.

Index.html is the default page of a website Linking in HTML code is done with the anchor tag, the tag. The letter "A" in the tag is then followed by an attribute. For a link to another web page, the "A" is followed by "HREF". Google Search Engine