Tissue Chapter 20

What you need to know! The hierarchy of animal structure The four types of tissue and their general function

Hierarchy of Structure 1.Cells are the basic unit of structure and function within an organism 2.Tissue is a group of similar cells performing a specific function 3.Organs are two or more types of tissue performing a specific function 4.Organ Systems are groups of organs working in tandem on a specific task 5.Organism is all the organ systems working together to create an individual living animal

Tissue A group of the same type of cell that carry out a common function Different types of tissue can work together to form an organ There are four types of tissue 1.Epithelial tissue 2.Connective tissue 3.Muscular tissue 4.Nervous tissue

Epithelial Tissue Cover the body and line internal organs Named based on shape and anchored by the basement membrane Cells that secrete fluid are called glands and include sweat glands and mucous membranes

Connective Tissue sparse populations Produce a matrix of fluid and fibers 6 types: 1.Loose connective tissue – uses collagen to create an elastic strong package for organs 2.Fibrous connective tissue – parrallel collagen fibers make tendons(muscle to bone) and ligaments (bone to bone) 3.Adipose tissue – fat storage for insulation and energy storage 4.Cartilage – strong and flexible skeletal material made of collagen in a rubbery surface 5.Bone – strong and hard made of collagen imbedded in calcium 6.Blood – red and white blood cells in plasma

Muscle Tissue Tissue composed of long fibers used primarily for movement 3 types: 1.Skeletal Muscle – attached to bone and responsible for voluntary movement 2.Cardiac Muscle – Contractile tissue of the heart 3.Smooth Muscle – lines the digestive tract, bladder, blood vessels; slow contractions

Nervous Tissue Cells responsible for sensing stimuli and transmitting information rapidly (neuron) Other nervous tissue maintain neurons