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Lesson 1 Reading Guide - KC 6.1 Fossils and the Geologic Time Scale Pages Add the new notes to your table of contents, and then turn to the next clean page and set up your title and date

Lesson 1-1 The fossil record is made up of all the fossils ever discovered on Earth.fossil record The fossil record provides evidence that species have changed over time. Based on fossil evidence, scientists can recreate the physical appearance of species that are no longer alive on Earth. The Fossil Record Add “fossil record” to your index before moving forward

Lesson 1-2 After an animal dies, any soft tissues animals do not eat break down. Only the dead animal’s hard parts, such as bones, shells, and teeth, remain. Under rare conditions, these parts become fossils. Fossil Formation

Lesson 1-2

Lesson 1-3 Instead of dating fossils directly, scientists date the rocks the fossils are embedded inside. In relative-age dating, scientists determine the relative order in which rock layers were deposited. Relative-age dating helps scientists determine the relative order in which species have appeared on Earth over time. Determining a Fossil’s Age Add “relative-age dating” to your index before moving forward

Lesson 1-3 Scientists take advantage of radioactive decay, a natural clocklike process in rocks, to learn a rock’s absolute age, or its age in years. To measure the age of sedimentary rock layers, scientists calculate the ages of igneous layers above and below them. Add “absolute age” to your index before moving forward

Lesson 1-3 If the age of the igneous layers is known, it is possible to estimate the age of the sedimentary layers—and the fossils they contain— between them.

Lesson 1-4 The geologic time scale is a chart that divides Earth’s history into different time units.geologic time scale Earth’s history is divided into four eons—the longest time units in the geologic time scale. Fossils over Time Add “geologic time scale” to your index before moving forward

Lesson 1-4

The Evolution of Life on Earth

Lesson 1-5 Extinction occurs when the last individual organism of a species dies.Extinction A mass extinction occurs when many species become extinct within a few million years or less. Extinctions Add “extinction” to your index before moving forward

Lesson 1-5 The fossil record contains evidence that five mass extinction events have occurred during the Phanerozoic eon. How do scientists know this? The fossil record contains many fossils in one layer, and none in the layer above it – this indicates a mass extinction has occurred

= Extinctions can occur when environments change. Sudden ChangesGradual Changes Volcanic eruption Meteorite impact Tectonic activity Changes in sea level

Craziest Extinctions Ever

The Sixth Extinction

Lesson 1-5 The fossil record contains evidence of the appearance of many new species over time. Biological evolution is the change over time in populations of related organisms.Biological evolution Add “biological evolution” to your index before moving forward

Lesson 1-5 The fossil record is evidence that horses descended from organisms for which only fossils exist today.

12 Days of Evolution from Its Okay to be Smart

Lesson 1 - VS Fossils can consist of the hard parts or soft parts of organisms. Fossils can be an impression of an organism or consist of original tissues. Scientists determine the age of a fossil through relative-age dating or absolute- age dating.

Lesson 1 - VS Scientists use fossils as evidence that species have changed over time.

Lesson 1 – LR1 A.fossil record B.geologic time scale C.relative-age dating D.trace fossil Which refers to a chart that divides Earth’s history into different time units?

Lesson 1 – LR2 A.cast B.fossil record C.mold D.trace fossil Which is the preserved evidence of the activity of an organism?

Lesson 1 – LR3 A.cast B.fossil C.mold D.trace fossil Which refers to the impression of an organism in a rock?

Lesson 1 - Now 1.Original tissues can be preserved as fossils. 2.Organisms become extinct only in mass extinction events. Do you agree or disagree?

Exit Pass What are some ways that animals can become extinct?