DO NOW: TAKE OUT STUDENT CONTRACT AND PARENT CONTACT SHEET DEFINE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SOURCES. Learning Target: I can analyze various sources to determine the difference between primary and secondary sources, fact and opinion, as well as observation and inference.

Primary and Secondary Sources A primary source is a document or physical object which was written or created during the time under study. These sources were present during an experience or time period and offer an inside view of a particular event. A secondary source interprets and analyzes primary sources. These sources are one or more steps removed from the event. Secondary sources may have pictures, quotes or graphics of primary sources in them.

Primary and Secondary Sources Examples PRIMARY SOURCES ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS (excerpts or translations acceptable): Diaries, speeches, manuscripts, letters, interviews, news film footage, autobiographies, official records CREATIVE WORKS: Poetry, drama, novels, music, art RELICS OR ARTIFACTS: Pottery, furniture, clothing, buildings Examples of primary sources include: Diary of Anne Frank - Experiences of a Jewish family during WWII The Constitution of Canada - Canadian History A journal article reporting NEW research or findings Weavings and pottery - Native American history Plato's Republic - Women in Ancient Greece SECONDARY SOURCES PUBLICATIONS: Textbooks, magazine articles, histories, criticisms, commentaries, encyclopedias Examples of secondary sources include: A journal/magazine article which interprets or reviews previous findings A history textbook A book about the effects of WWI

Fact and Opinion Fact  A fact states something that can be proven true  Happens. (e.g., “A lunar eclipse happens when the moon aligns exactly with the earth and sun.”)  Has happened or is certain to be true. (e.g., “Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence.”)  Is real or exists. (e.g., “The sun is a star.”) Opinion  An opinion states something:  Believed to have occurred. (e.g., “The teacher gave us a pop quiz because she got mad at the class.”)  Believed to exist. (e.g., “The bus stop close to my house was built so I wouldn’t miss the bus again.”)  Believed to be true. (e.g., “Grandma and Grandpa love me the most.”)

Fact and Opinion Example George Washington was the first President of the United States.- Fact George Washington was the best President of the United States.-Opinion

Observation and Inference Observation  recognizing or noting a fact or occurrence Inference  a conclusion based on observations

Observation and Inference Example Timmy is absent from school- observation Timmy must be sick- inference.

Activity: With your group you are going to be given several example of the terms we have just learned. Determine whether each example is a primary or secondary source, fact or opinion, or observation or inference. You will be given 5 minutes to complete each station, after 5 minutes rotate your packet to the next table.

Essential Question: Why is it important to know the difference between primary and secondary sources, fact and opinion, and observation and inference?