US Philanthropy in the 21st century: a driving force for Aid? Tokyo ABCDE Conference May 30th 2006 Joseph ZIMET French Agency for Development

US Philanthropy in the 21st century: a driving force for Aid? US philanthropy is emerging as a new global force Can US foundations play a significant role in ODA?

US Philanthropy in the 21st century: a driving force for Aid? A significant increase of international contributions from US foundations since 1998  International giving of US foundations doubled between 1998 and 2002 to reach 3 billions dollars  850 millions of “untied” aid channeled by non-american organizations  Health (31%), Education (8%) and the protection of the environment (8%) are the main areas of international funding  LDCs are not the primary recipients of foundations financial flows (17,5% to Sub-Saharan Africa)  A preference for emerging countries or recipients based in northern countries

US Philanthropy in the 21st century: a driving force for Aid? A recent emphasis on global issues and the promotion of a “progressive” agenda for the regulation of globalization  Foundations have designed new programs to address global issues and engage globalization’s debates  US foundations are promoting a “reformist” agenda for globalization

US Philanthropy in the 21st century: a driving force for Aid? The perspective of a new “golden age” of philanthropy in the 21st century: a promising evolution for the international giving of US foundations?  billions of US dollars might nurture the infrastructure of US philanthropy in the next 40 years (Paul Scherwish & John Havens, 1999, Boston Social Welfare Research Institute)

US Philanthropy in the 21st century: a driving force for Aid? From southern states to Global south: is US philanthropy going global?  A shift from Domestic Public Goods to Global Public Goods? The emergence of southern philanthropy: an autonomous movement or a consequence of the investments made by US foundations?  The emergence of robust philanthropic sectors in developing countries  The diffusion of philanthropy abroad as a catalyst for development

US Philanthropy in the 21st century: a driving force for Aid? The internal challenges of US philanthropy in the 21st century:  A greater social demand from public opinion and policy makers  An internal debate on philanthropy’s social performances  The “quest” for an improved legitimacy in the future

US Philanthropy in the 21st century: a driving force for Aid? External challenges: the need for an enhanced cooperation between foundations and bilateral & multilateral donors  US foundations have a century of experiences in the field of international development  Existing promising multi-stakeholders partnerships that should be encouraged  The lack of coordination between foundations and donors

US Philanthropy in the 21st century: a driving force for Aid? Can foundations really act within the framework of the “MDGs”?  Foundations and MDGs : from initial enthusiasm to skepticism  The culture of independence and innovation of foundations : an obstacle to work within the framework of the MDGs?  What do we really mean when we talk about foundation’s “contribution” to MDGS?

US Philanthropy in the 21st century: a driving force for Aid? US philanthropy is emerging as a global force for social change and can play in the future a significant role in the landscape of Aid US philanthropy also faces serious challenges that it should address : the need of a renewed legitimacy and measured social performances which ultimately reminds the debates on ODA in northern countries Future trends :  In the US: a creative tension between domestic needs (Domestic Public Goods) and growing international commitments (GPGs)  At the global level: a diversification of philanthropic models in the southern hemisphere The need to improve the dialogue between foundations and donors: more talks, more grassroots cooperation, more data, more staff exchanges