A Dangerous Habit that is Hard to Break! Usually associated with intense fear of becoming overweight or underweight.

Eating Disorder Statistics: 42% of 1st - 3rd grade girls want to be thinner (Collins, 1991) Anorexia is the third most common chronic illness amongst adolescents. (ANAD) It is estimated that currently 11% of high school students have been diagnosed with an eating disorder. (ANAD) The diet and diet related industry spends over $50 billion dollars a year in the U.S. (M. Maine, 2000) The average woman is 5"4 ’ and weighs 140 pounds. The average model is 5"11 ’ and weighs 117 pounds. Most fashion models are thinner than 98% of American women. (Smolak, 1996) Up to 19% of college aged women in America are bulimic. (Rader Programs) 51% of 9 & 10 year olds feel better about themselves if they are on a diet (Mellin, 1991) 95% of all dieters will regain their lost weight in 1-5 years (Grodstein, 1996)

General Facts Fewer than 60% of women engage in physical activity on a regular basis. One out of five Americans order take-out food every day. Almost 50% of people with an eating disorder meet the criteria for depression. More than ninety percent of people with eating disorders are women.

Developing an Eating Disorder An eating disorder can develop over a long period of time before the sufferer actually begins to display extreme behavioral characteristics Constantly makes excuses for not eating Sudden adamant aversion to types of food previously enjoyed

Early Warning Signs Pretending to have eaten previously as an excuse to avoid a meal Avoiding eating with the family Hiding food or disposal of food that has been pretended to be eaten.

Warning Signs Cont ’ d. Using time restriction often as an excuse for skipping breakfast Insisting on walking somewhere if offered a lift / excessive activity Avoiding situations where there is food

More Warning Signs Avoiding eating in front of others Becoming unusually agitated if forced into a situation where there is food Cutting food into tiny pieces and eating extremely slowly

HAVING A DISTORTED PERCEPTION OF BODY IMAGE Fear of gaining weight A self-perception of being fat when the person is really too thin

What is Anorexia Nervosa? Anorexia nervosa is self- starvation & being obsessed with being thin. Anorexia isn't just a problem with food or weight. It's an attempt to use food and weight to deal with emotional problems. Anorexics are also often characterized as stubborn, vain, appearance-obsessed people who simply do not know when to stop dieting.

How do Anorexics View Life? People with an eating disorder think about food, weight, and body image constantly. Food and eating dominate the life of a person. Maintaining an extremely low weight becomes equated with beauty, success, self-esteem, and self-control and is not seen as a problem.

Preoccupied with food & weight Distorted body image Poor self-esteem Depression/Mood swings Obsessive Exercise & extreme weight loss self-starvation Fear of gaining weight Refusal to eat Denial of hunger Abuse of diet aids Lack of self-control with food

What causes Anorexia Nervosa? Media Pressure America ’ s Next Top Model Show Models School Pressure TransitionsPsychologicalRelationships Family Pressure Peer & Social Pressure

Cultural & Media Pressures In many societies, being extremely thin is the standard of beauty for women and represents success, happiness, and self-control. In many societies, being extremely thin is the standard of beauty for women and represents success, happiness, and self-control.

Psychological Issues Psychological characteristics that can make a person more likely to develop anorexia nervosa include: Low self-esteem Feelings of ineffectiveness Poor body image Depression Difficulty expressing feelings Rigid thinking patterns Need for control Perfectionism Physical or sexual abuse

Anorexia Facts Anorexia Facts People in certain occupations that emphasize leanness to improve performance and appearance are at increased risk for developing anorexia nervosa. These include dancers, gymnasts, figure skaters, runners, wrestlers, cheerleaders, and models.

What Medical Problems Can Anorexia Nervosa Cause? Death from malnutrition. Death from malnutrition. Dangerous heart rhythms, including slow rhythms known as bradycardia, may develop. Such abnormalities can show up even in teenagers with anorexia. Dangerous heart rhythms, including slow rhythms known as bradycardia, may develop. Such abnormalities can show up even in teenagers with anorexia. Blood flow is reduced. Blood flow is reduced. Cardiac arrest. Cardiac arrest. Liver failure. Liver failure. The heart muscles starve, losing size. The heart muscles starve, losing size. Stress hormones are higher. Stress hormones are higher. Dental problems. Dental problems. Bloating. Bloating. Constipation. Constipation. Hair loss. Hair loss. Anemia. Anemia.

Bulimia Nervosa Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder. People who have bulimia eat very large amounts of food (called binging) and then use inappropriate means (vomiting, laxatives, water pills) to rid their bodies of the food (called purging).

Signs & Symptoms of Bulimia Eating uncontrollably, binging, and purging Forced Vomiting or Vomiting Blood Abusing Laxatives, or Diuretics Going to the bathroom frequently after eating Preoccupied with body weight Depression and mood swings Feeling out of control Swollen glands in neck and face Heartburn, bloating, indigestion, or constipation Irregular menstrual periods Dental and gum problems Persistent sore throat Bloodshot eyes Weakness, Fatigue, Exhaustion

Compulsive Overeating Disorder This eating disorder, also called binge eating disorder is characterized by an addiction to food. An individual suffering with compulsive overeating disorder has episodes of uncontrolled eating or binging, during which he or she may have a pressured, frenzied feeling. The person may continue to eat even after becoming uncomfortably full. The binge is typically followed by a period of intense guilt and/or depression.

Celebrities That Have Battled Eating Disorders Kesha Demi Lovato

Treatment and Recovery: Hospitalization Food Tolerance Medication After Care Counseling Nutrition Information Fitness Information EmotionalPsychologicalSelf-Image