How did Representative govenment begin in England? How did it Influence the colonies? Read We The People pages Know that English govenment develops over time with a series of documents. They are:

The Magna Carta THE KING MUST FOLLOW LAWS! RULE OF LAW Over time lends to the Parliamentary system - the House of Lords - the House of Commons Limits the power of the monarchy, but effective in enforcing laws and raising tax revenue 1215

The Petition of Right  Only Parliament can raise taxes  Prohibits quartering of soldiers in people's homes  imprisonment by lawful judgement of peers  limits king's power 1628

Writ of Habeous Corpus 1678 Orders the government to deliver an arrested person to a court of law to explain why that person is arrested and held. If the government cannot produce evidence of guilt, the person must be set free.

The English Bill of Rights of 1689  Prohibits a standing army in times of peace  King cannot levy taxes without the consent of Parliament  Right of subjects to petition king of grievances  Right to a fair trial, trial by jury  freedom from excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishment Principles of 1. RULE OF LAW, 2. PARLIAMENTARY SUPREMACY AND 3. GOVERNMENT BY CONTRACT AND CONSENT Rule of Law - government is subject to the law-never above it - limited government *at first intended for the upper class

TASK: Compare the Magna Carta to the English Bill of Rights and identify principles of government from England. Chart Background Info Copies of the documents will be provided. In pairs complete the comparison chart to identify key features of the document that influenced colonial thought on powers of government.

And so...the colonists believed they were English citizens guaranteed all these rights 1. Colonial Charters allowed colonies to create assemblies - legislatures with elected representatives 2. legislatures represented the people, a governor represented the king 3. Colonial legislatures made laws and raised taxes, revenue for the colony 4. Colonists were used to self government and the same conflicts between the king and legislature

Colonials Experience with government and rights of citizens: Colonists beleived these principles and rights were entitled to them as English citizens!

Many Colonial charters provided the right for an assembly to make laws for the colony. Core beliefs of Colonials in regard to government were: 1. Individual Freedoms 2. Right to participate in government 3. Individual Opportunities Review the chart and answer the questions on your sheet. In most cases the governor represented the king and the legislature represented the colonists.

Powers of the Governor Powers of the Legislature Raise Taxes Spend Money Control the militia Pass laws for the colony Appoint tax collectors Appoint judges and create courts Enforce acts of the King and Parliament Place the Power under correct heading. Who had the power to do the following?

Governors and Legislatures were often at odds: Governors weren't paid their salaries Many governors were corrupt Bacon's Rebellion Salutory Neglect Zenger Case Tax Fraud Absentee Governors Some had agreements with Pirates

Now complete the Map on the 13 Colonies. Identify the differences in the colonies: economic, political, and social

And Now the Economic Relationship between the colonies and England....

The System of Mercantilism 1. What were the colonists sending to England? 2. What was England sending to the colonists? 3. Describe the Tiangular Trade? Key Concepts:

How did England Regulate this trade? 1. Navigation Acts - series of laws passed by Parliament to regulate colonial trade. Types of items traded were regulated by law - raw materials and high demand products. 2. Plantation Duty Act - Item not directly shipped to England had to pay a tax. * up until 1763, most of these were ignored, colonists bought needed items on the black market or from pirates And England practiced a policy of Salutary Neglect - the policy of relaxing enformcement of these laws in return for loyalty. Q- What does this tell you about the success of the English economic policy towards the 13 colonies?

Worth Noting:  The 13 colonies were not the most profitable in the English Empire.  Colonists in America paid less taxes than people in England ? - What do you think may have changed this economic policy towards the colonists? ? - How do you think colonists would react to a change in this policy?

And then.... the French and Indian War - or the Seven Years War Cause: 1. Competion w/ Britain and France 2. Conflicts over the Ohio River Valley Effects: 1. British military power 2. Map changes - see p Economic relationship b/w England and the colonies changes

Compare this map to p. 87 in you book. How is this map misleading? Summarize the land chages in America after the French and Indian War.

Also...The Proclamation of How do you think this made the colonists feel?  Many fought in the war  Soldiers were now living among colonists

England's New Policy