Poultry Breeding, Feeding, and Management Spencer Livestock Production Curriculum 2013

Species and Breeds (628)  Chickens Leghorn Rhode Island Red Plymouth Rock New Hampshire Brahma

Species and Breeds (631)  Turkeys Bronze Narragansett White Holland Black Slate

Species and Breeds (631)  Ducks White Pekin Khaki Campbell  Geese Embden Toulouse White Chinese Pilgrim

Breeding (631)  Turkeys Reach puberty at 30 weeks of age Controlled light to stimulate laying Lay eggs over 25 weeks Sent to slaughter after laying

Breeding (631)  Turkeys Artificial Insemination used Large size make natural service difficult Broad breast 2.8 lbs of feed for every 1 lb. of gain

Incubation Management (637)  Temperature 99.5° – 100° F to start Slowly lowered after then constant First and last four days critical

Incubation Management (640)  Humidity 60-65% optimum Increase at end of incubation to 70%  Position Large end (air cell) up

Incubation Management (641)  Turning Done to avoid embryo sticking to shell Turned 90° each time 5 or more times per day  Oxygen Supplemental oxygen at high altitudes

Incubation Management (641)  Carbon Dioxide Ventilation to remove Level below 2.0% important  Sanitation Clean to avoid diseases

Incubation Management (641)  Candling Shining light through egg Check developing embryo Check once to remove dead-germ eggs

Managing Young Poultry (643)  House Preparation Clean, dry, proper temp. and humidity  Litter Shavings, sawdust, wood chips, etc. 2 inches for dry environment  Floor Space Too much or too little a problem

Managing Young Poultry (644)  Feeder Space Properly lit Appropriate size for population  Water Requirements One fountain-type waterer/100 chicks  Light Adjust for layer vs. broiler  Debeaking

Managing 10 to 20 Weeks (645)  Proper floor space  Automatic feeding and watering  Need 10 weeks in laying house to adjust to setting before laying

Managing Laying Hens (646)  1.5 – 5 ft 2 depending on bird  Automatic egg gathering  Automatic feeding and watering  Manure removal and collection

Housing Poultry (650)  Temperature: 55°-75° F  Moisture: Dry  Ventilation Aids in removing moisture Aids in maintaining proper temperature Balance fans and air intake  Insulation: R10 to R20

Feeds and Feeding (652)  Optimum for: Body Maintenance Maximum Egg Production Maximum Meat Production Reproduction  Feed: corn, wheat, sorghum, oats…  Protein essential

Finally (653)  Calcium Important Avoid Rickets Healthy Egg Shell  Cost and Return High Integration and Consolidation Over 75% Production in top ten states Contract Growing and Out-Sourcing

REVIEW  Do Chapter 35 Review Questions 1-23