UNITED STATES HISTORY REVIEW Short Answer

Short Answer Questions Why was the United States unsuccessful in Vietnam? Communist went for a psychological victory, Americans tried to win by body count. United States failed to train S. Vietnam for hit and run attacks. Did not win the hearts and minds of S. Vietnamese people.

UNITED STATES HISTORY REVIEW Section 1

What organization was committed to an independent Vietnam and formed in 1940? Vietminh The National Liberation Front or ____ were communists that rebelled against the South Vietnamese government. Vietcong What was the process of moving villagers to protected area and allowing them to return when an area is safe? Pacification What is the term given to the massive bombing on targets in North Vietnam? Operation Rolling Thunder What was Eisenhower’s belief that if one country falls to communism others will soon fall? Domino Theory What was the network of jungle paths that went through Laos and Cambodia? Ho Chi Minh Trail

What gave Johnson all the power needed to prevent further communist aggression? Tonkin Gulf Resolution Who was the leader of the Vietminh and later leader of North Vietnam? Ho Chi Minh Who was the American general who felt that Vietnam could be won militarily through body count? William Westmoreland Who was the leader we backed early in the Vietnam conflict; he was a Catholic? Ngo Dinh Diem Who was the Sec. of Defense who called for the escalation in Vietnam and than quit to be the president of the World Bank? Robert McNamera

SECTION 2

Who was the chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee who had televised hearings which asked about Johnson’s policies? William Fulbright What is napalm? jellied gasoline that burns What was the most popular defoliant used? Agent Orange What was when soldiers go out on patrol and wait for an attack and coordinate U.S. forces to destroy that threat? search-and-destroy missions What describes the differences of what Johnson was saying and what the media was reporting? credibility gap

SECTION 3

Who wrote folk songs with political messages. He was one of many such as Joan Baez and Peter, Paul and Mary? Bob Dyllon What called up people from age 18 to 26? Selective Service What is it when one gets a college deferment? You do not have to serve in Vietnam if you go to college What did Tom Hayden and Al Haber found? Students for a Democratic Society What term was given to those who opposed the war? Doves Who believed in greater escalation? Hawks

SECTION 4

What was the name given for the surprise attack lunched by the National Liberation Front? Tet Offensive Who (news broadcaster) represented the average American? Walter Cronkite Who killed Robert Kennedy? Sirhan Who was the leader of South Vietnam when we pulled our troops out in the early 1970’s? Nguyen Van Theiu

Who was the Alabama governor who ran for president for the American Independent Party where he got votes from southerners and northerners who resented the riots? George Wallace Who was the mayor of Chicago that had police and guards man attack protesters at the 1968 Democratic convention? Richard Daley Who ran for president for the Democrats in 1968? Hubert Humphrey

SECTION 5

What was the National Security Advisor for Nixon? Henry Kissinger According to Nixon he represented _____ or moderate mainstream Americans who quietly supported U.S. efforts in Vietnam. silent majority What was where 200 civilians were killed by U.S. troops led by William Calley? My Lai What was the name of the document that described how U.S. planned for war and had no intensions on leaving Vietnam? Pentagon Papers What was created which a president must inform Congress 48 hours prior to use of troops and troops could not be used more than 90 days unless approved by Congress? War Powers Act

What is Vietnamization? US pulls out of the fighting and South Vietnam takes over the fighting What was the university where four students were killed and nine others were wounded? Kent State What person released information describing how U.S. planned for war and had no intensions on leaving Vietnam? Daniel Ellsberg What did Maya Ying Lin do? designed the Vietnam Veterans Memorial

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