China Communist China, modern China

Communist China Essential Question: How did Mao Zedong and communism shape modern China? Objectives: To understand how Chinese communist leaders attempted to revolutionize China, and the disastrous effects two polices: Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution To understand how modern China has held onto some legacies of the revolution and abandoned others Homework: For Tuesday/Wednesday Glencoe p.781 (Korean War) if you didn’t already read it

Quiz! Glencoe 24.1 You may use your notes

How did Mao Zedong and the Communists come to power in China in 1949?

The Communist Revolution 1945 Civil war between: – Nationalists led by Chiang Kai-shek based in southern China – Communists (People’s Liberation Army) led by Mao Zedong based in northern China 1949 Communists PLA defeated the Nationalists – Nationalists (2 mil) fled to Taiwan Establishing a socialist society: – Private farmland collectivized – Industry and commerce nationalized

What was the objective and result of the Great Leap Forward?

The Great Leap Forward, : Radical program to boost the economy – 700,000 collective farms combined into 26,000 communes – 30,000 people per commune Goal: to reach the final state of communism – the classless society – “Hard work for a few years, happiness for a thousand.” Failure – Droughts, floods, and peasant hatred of the new system decreased food production – Sold crops to Soviets for industry – mil deaths – 1960: return to collective farms

What was the Cultural Revolution?

The Cultural Revolution, : Mao launches the “Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution” – Little Red Book: Bible for the Chinese Communists – “Most important source of knowledge in all areas.” – Red Guards: revolutionary groups of young people – Elimination of the “Four Olds” Old ideas, old culture, old customs, old habits – Attacks on intellectuals, artists, pro-western sympathizers

What inspired the Tiananmen Square protest, and how did Deng Xiaoping respond?

Policies of Deng Xiaoping 1976: Reformer Deng Xiaoping seized power after Mao’s death and ended the Cultural Revolution Four Modernizations – New policies in industry, agriculture, technology, and national defense – Government sent thousands of students abroad to study science, technology and modern business – Land reform and increase in capitalist policies – 1980s: Industrialization increase, farm income doubles

Movement for Democracy 1980s: Increased tension over the continued lack of freedoms and rights for people Inability to criticize the Communist Party Desire for better living conditions Corruption and special treatment for officials Tiananmen Square demonstrations Deng Xiaoping ordered tanks and 200,000 troops to crush demonstrators 241-2,600 killed, 7,000 wounded Democracy not achieved

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A Reflection Have you ever done something based on peer pressure that you disagreed with, or regretted afterwards? What were the reasons at the time that impacted your decision?

Who were the Red Guards? A group of youth who were responsible for much of the violence and abuse of the Cultural Revolution

What are the Red Guards doing? What are the punishments? Where are they being punished? Red Guards and “Anti-Revolutionary” Leaders

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1.What objects are in the foreground? 2.What might these symbolize? 3.What is happening to these objects or symbols? 4.Whose picture is on the flag? 5.How are the Red Guards depicted? Red Guards and “Anti-Revolutionary” Leaders

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Cultural Revolution Timeline Discuss with your partner the following question. Why did Chinese youth get swept up in the Cultural Revolution? Look at the Cultural Revolution Timeline and consider the following questions: – What were Mao’s goals for the Cultural Revolution? – What were some of the outcomes of the Cultural Revolution? – Based on the timeline, why might teenagers have supported the Cultural Revolution?

Document Analysis Read through Documents A-D in your packet and consider the following questions: – What is the SOURCE of the documents? – Do you think they are RELIABLE? Why or why not? – What is the MESSAGE of the documents? – Who is the intended AUDIENCE of the documents? – What are the MAIN POINTS of the documents? – What QUESTIONS, CONNECTIONS, OR CHALLENGES can you make of the documents? Remember to keep the overall guiding question in mind: – Why did Chinese youth get swept up in the Cultural Revolution?

Written Response On a separate sheet of paper, write a half page response to the following question: Why did Chinese youth get swept up in the Cultural Revolution? Use evidence from the documents to support your claim.

Censorship What is censorship? Can you think of examples of censorship in your own life? Is censorship ever appropriate?

Who was the Tank Man? Frontline: The Tank Man (2006) As you watch the clips of the documentary consider the following: What information was new to you? What did you find surprising? Did the video have a point of view? Are there different ways to understand the “tank man”?

Tank Man follow-up The talking heads in the film mention a “deal,” “bargain,” or “social contract” made between Deng Xiaoping and the people of China after the Tiananmen Square protests. What was this “deal”? How did this “deal” shape modern China? How does the story of the Tank Man relate to the “deal”?

Takeaway How did communism shape modern China? The Making of Modern China (in photographs) html 27