1 LAKE TANGANYIKA BASIN DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE PRESENTATION ON THE ROLE OF PORTS AND INLAND WATERWAYS IN REGIONAL INTEGRATION BY PHILIP W. WAMBUGU DIRECTOR INFRASTRUCTURE, EAC

THE ROLE OF PORTS AND INLAND WATERWAYS IN REGIONAL INTEGRATION Working Definitions: i)A port is a facility/node in the transportation network that links the surface (inland) transport to the maritime or inland waterways transport systems. Inland depots are usually extensions of the ports/railways operations; and ii)Inland waterways are navigable water bodies found within the geographical dimensions of State/s. 2

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THE ROLE OF PORTS AND INLAND WATERWAYS IN REGIONAL INTEGRATION General: a)Ports represent some of the oldest transportation facilities developed by man. b)Ports were actually seen as the terminus for the railways systems and because of this, they attracted huge human settlements to cash in on the supply line fed by the railways from the hinterland and the maritime systems from the outside world. c)All the countries/regions with stable international trade/industrialization do have very efficient ports. Japan, Singapore, Brazil, USA, Canada, Germany, China, Netherlands, India etc.

THE ROLE OF PORTS AND INLAND WATERWAYS IN REGIONAL INTEGRATION d)Inland waterways support a form of water borne transportation systems usually associated with interior/inland transport – this mode is to be found on navigable lakes and rivers. e)Some of the best known inland waterways include – River Rhine; Yangtze River in China, Mississippi in USA, St Lawrence river and the Great Lakes (USA and Canada). f)In the EAC the better known inland waterways include Lake Victoria, Lake Tanganyika, Lake Kivu and the Akagera River.

THE ROLE OF PORTS AND INLAND WATERWAYS IN REGIONAL INTEGRATION g)The ports and inland waterways in the developed world, map some of the most intensely industrialized spaces on earth. Meaning that there exists a strong correlation between the two.

THE ROLE OF PORTS AND INLAND WATERWAYS IN REGIONAL INTEGRATION Situational Analysis: a)EAC boasts of only two major ports (Dar and Kilindini Ports) that barely meet international standards of efficiency and are currently running out of expansion space and served by failing railways systems, congested roads and inefficient border posts. b)Inland waterways, with great potential, in the EAC are barely being exploited and much of the infrastructure that would support transport operations either non existent or dilapidated. 7

THE ROLE OF PORTS AND INLAND WATERWAYS IN REGIONAL INTEGRATION Hypothesis: a)Regional integration is about development that is predicated on increased trade and rapid industrialization. b)Efficient ports and inland waterways transport are critical in the reduction of the overall transport costs of doing business and hence improving the environment for trade and industrialization. c)Clearly then, ports and inland waterways have a fundamental impact on the pace and quality of regional integration. 8

THE ROLE OF PORTS AND INLAND WATERWAYS IN REGIONAL INTEGRATION Investment: It is estimated that a business potential in ports and inland waterways transport in EAC exceeds US$ 10 billion in the next ten years. Challenges: a)Delayed and inadequate investments in ports and inland waterways transport; b) Huge role played by the public sector; c)Piracy and other crimes; d)Low industrialization (hence poor traffic generating hinterlands), poor railways systems among other non tariff barriers; encroachment of expansion land …… 9

THE ROLE OF PORTS AND INLAND WATERWAYS IN REGIONAL INTEGRATION Planned Interventions and Strategies: a)Ports expansions at Kilindini, Dar and Bujumbura with additional berths and equipment. b)New ports of Lamu, Maruhubi, Tanga, Bagamoyo and Mtwara planned. c)LVBC working on a strategy for the rehabilitation of ports on L. Victoria. Council has directed that this study be expanded to cover L. Tanganyika and L. Kivu. d)EAC Secretariat working on an overall regional study financed by JICA on a Strategy for Ports and Inland Waterways Transport. Further, with TMEA and the World Bank on a regional PPP framework and the development ports is a priority target. 10

THE ROLE OF PORTS AND INLAND WATERWAYS IN REGIONAL INTEGRATION e)Enhanced collaboration between the EAC Secretariat and the Northern and Central Corridor Authorities to improve transit transport facilitation along the two corridors to ease port congestion. f)Implementation of the Common Market Protocol meant to expand investments in the region and hence positively impact on the traffic generating hinterlands for ports and inland waterways. g)L. Victoria Transport Act to have its application extended to all the inland waterways in region – LVBC/EAC Secretariat working on this matter. 11

THE ROLE OF PORTS AND INLAND WATERWAYS IN REGIONAL INTEGRATION ASANTENI 12