Improvement of Groundwater Protection in Vietnam

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Improvement of Groundwater Protection in Vietnam Improvement of Groundwater Protection in Vietnam (IGPVN) German Technical Cooperation with Vietnam (2009-2014) Improvement of Groundwater Protection in Vietnam Christian Gläser (BGR) VACI, Hanoi, 16. December 2013

IGPVN Project Working Areas Nam Dinh, Ha Nam, Ha Noi Red River / Bac Bo Plain Focus Areas: Over exploitation Arsenic contamination Groundwater pollution Salt water intrusion New Project 2014-2016: Mekong Delta Central Coast Quang Ngai Mekong Delta Soc Trang

Approach in Frame of Groundwater Resources Assessment & Protection Working Level Recommendations for Groundwater Management IV. Advising Water Policy Assessment GW - Resources 3D - Modeling, Scenario Analysis III. Evaluation & Analysis Geoprocessing / GIS, Hydrogeological - Database II. Data Management & Processing Data Collection and Monitoring Geological Model, Aquifer Properties Hydrological Data, Water Cycle other: Land Use, GW Extraction, ... I. Data Collection & Monitoring

IWRM IWRM under Leadership of MONRE Farmer MONRE DONRE/ DARD DWRM NAWAPI Local People People´s Committee Involved Ministries Local Authorities IWRM

Pilot Province Nam Dinh Since 1996: qp, n GWL decrease 0.4 to 0.7 m/year Status: High quality groundwater resources in South Nam Dinh are a rare and finite water reserve Ongoing overexploitation of high quality groundwater leads to accelerating GW level decrease and intrusion of saline water -7 m -8,3 m -7,9 m -9,4 m

Pilot Province Nam Dinh Major Achievements: Installation of a GW monitoring network complementing national monitoring wells Application of quantitative hydrogeological methods, GW monitoring Design of structural / numerical model Identification of information gaps, relevant for management decisions (GW extraction rates, GW recharge) SW NE Sea

Pilot Province Nam Dinh GW Chemical Composition: High salinity groundwater widely distributes in qh, qp and n aquifers Fresh water distributes in qp, n and t1 aquifers Significant hydrochemical zonation in qp unit: (I) Red River area: high saline water of Na-Cl dominated composition (II) West and South areas: low saline water of Na-Mg-HCO3 dominated composition The recharge of fresh water in qp most likely originates from the Western Triassic formations

Pilot Province Nam Dinh Challenges in Groundwater (GW) Management: Controlling GW Extraction Registration and controlling extraction wells & licenses Optimizing & Reducing GW Extraction Identification of GW loss and misuse Identification of alternatives wherever possible Development of a GW Monitoring & Action Plan Funding, technical expertise Data management, …

Summary and Conclusion Calculation of renewable and available groundwater resources requires reliable water use and extraction data Ongoing overexploitation of high quality groundwater speeds up GW level decrease and saline water intrusion Controlling GW extraction is crucial for a sustainable groundwater management Continuous monitoring and setup of a Groundwater-Information System is crucial for assessing groundwater resources and thereby devising GW management recommendations

Thank You for Your Attention! Improvement of Groundwater Protection in Vietnam (IGPVN) German Technical Cooperation with Vietnam Thank You for Your Attention!