1960’s 1820

The Romantic Movement Turner – The Junction of the Thames and the Medway

Reaction against: Classicism – Structure, specific guidelines and rules The Enlightenment – Thinking and reason, no emotion – "Romanticism is precisely situated neither in choice of subject nor exact truth, but in the way of feeling.” - Baudelaire The Industrial Revolution – Destruction of the environment and previous ways of life

The Romantic Movement Romanticism – Early German romantics referred to themselves as the Sturm und Drang group (Storm and Stress). – Unkept, long hair. Material rejection. Individualists. – Prone to suicide and duels. – Anti-industrialization. – Also had a reverence for the past and its impact on society and its institutions.

The Romantic Movement Romanticism Poster child of romanticism? Jean-Jacques Rousseau He attacked rationalism and civilization as destroying, rather than liberating, the individual. Example, Emile

Art Turner – nature’s power, ships and storms Constable – British landscapes, people at one with nature Delacroix – exotic, color drama Caspar David Friedrich – Man contemplating nature Freidrich – Traveler Looking over a Sea of Fog

Art, cont. Glorification of the commonplace Focus on history and nationalism Constable – Wivenhoe Park, Essex

Delacroix – Liberty Leading the People

Constable – Salisbury Cathedral from the Meadows

Goya – The Third of May, 1808

Music – The German Composers Ludwig van Beethoven ( ): piano concertos, string quartets, symphonies, an opera, and a mass. Franz Schubert ( ): joined piano and voice Richard Wagner ( ): nationalism expressed in music Free expression and emotional intensity Got rid of old structures – Other Composers Hector Berlioz ( ): French; Symphonie Fantastique Giuseppe Verdi ( ): operas--Rigoletto, La Traviata, Aida Giacomo Puccini ( ): La Boheme

The Romantic Movement Literature – The Germans Goethe ( ): Faust--traditional German legend of the man who sold his soul to the devil in return for earthly knowledge and pleasure. Jakob ( ) & Wilhelm ( ) Grimm: Grimms’ Fairy Tales. – Rapunzel – Little Red Riding Hood – Snow White

Literature, cont. France: – Alexandre Dumas ( ) – Victor Hugo ( ) Les Miserables The Hunchback of NotreDame “All for one, and one for all”

Literature Great Britain: – Poets William Wordsworth ( ) Samuel Taylor Coleridge Lord Byron Percy Bysshe Shelley ( ) John Keats William Blake – Sir Walter Scott

To Night by: Percy Bysshe Shelly ( ) SWIFTLY walk o'er the western wave, Spirit of Night! Out of the misty eastern cave, Where, all the long and lone daylight, Thou wovest dreams of joy and fear Which make thee terrible and dear, Swift be thy flight!

“Tintern Abbey" - Wordsworth That on the banks of this delightful stream We stood together; and that I, so long A worshipper of Nature, hither came, Unwearied in that service: rather say With warmer love, oh! with far deeper zeal Of holier love. Nor wilt thou then forget, That after many wanderings, many years Of absence, these steep woods and lofty cliffs, And this green pastoral landscape, were to me More dear, both for themselves and for thy sake.