C-33 S-3 War in Korea and Vietnam

C-33 S-3 Main Idea: In Asia, the Cold War flared into actual wars supported mainly by the superpowers Why it Matters Now: Today, Vietnam is a Communist country and Korea is split into Communist and non-Communist nations

War in Korea The Soviets gambled that the United States would not defend South Korea. The Soviets supplied North Korea with tanks, airplanes, and money in an attempt to take over the peninsula.

War in Korea Later, the Chinese sent 300,000 troops to aid North Korea. Test Question: When did Chinese troops enter the war in Korea? Test Answer: when the fighting neared China’s border.

War in Korea UN forces (mostly U.S.) drove the North Koreans back to the 38 th parallel.

General McArthur calls for a nuclear strike against China. President Truman disagrees, viewing McArthur’s proposals as reckless.

The left side of the boundary in this image belongs to South Korea while the right side belongs to North Korea

Domino Theory Fall of one nation to communism would lead to the fall of its neighbors. Referring to communism in Indochina, Eisenhower vocalized the theory during an 1954 news conference: “ Finally, you have broader considerations that might follow what you would call the "falling domino" principle. You have a row of dominoes set up, you knock over the first one, and what will happen to the last one is the certainty that it will go over very quickly. So you could have a beginning of a disintegration that would have the most profound influences. ” —Dwight D. Eisenhower

War in Vietnam

A Marine moves a Viet Cong suspect to the rear during a search and clear operation.

Part of the tunnel complex, this tunnel has been made wider and taller to accommodate tourists

Viet Cong tunnel

A trap door on the jungle floor leads down into the tunnels. Closed & camouflaged, it is almost undetectable.

The camouflaged trap door, now open

A booby trap with bamboo spikes.

Folding chair trap

Napalm burns

Thumbnails of the video footage showing the events just before and after the iconic photograph was taken. (ITN)ITN

Kim Phuc

Main difficulties of the American Army in the Vietnam War Fighting a guerilla war in an unfamiliar terrain South Vietnamese government was becoming more and more unpopular among Vietnamese Popular support for the Vietcong was increasing

WAR IN VIETNAM BACKLASH AGAINST DRAFT

Nixon and Vietnamization Gradually withdrawing U.S. troops from Vietnam while the South Vietnamese gradually increased their combat role. Nixon wanted to pursue Vietnamization while preserving the South Vietnamese government.

Fall of Saigon

Saigon  Ho Chi Minh

FALL OF SAIGON (UNITED STREAMING)

Khmer Rouge era in Cambodia

Some of the Khmer Rouge leaders during their period in power. Pol Pot is on the left.

Skulls of Khmer Rouge victims

2,000,000 slaughtered

Important Facts Main Idea: In Asia, the Cold War flared into actual wars supported mainly by the superpowers Why it Matters Now: Today, Vietnam is a Communist country and Korea is split into Communist and non-Communist nations

C-33 Important Facts

What economic system was used to reshape China’s economy after the civil war?

The Chinese Communist leadership referred to it as “social democracy.” The theory was that all shared equally in economic benefit. The reality was quite different.

In what way(s) did the existence of 2 Chinas intensify the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union?

The People’s Republic of China and the Soviet Union pledged to defend each other should the need arise. The United States and the Soviet Union fought to enlarge their spheres of influence. The United States actively supported the Republic of China, and the Soviets did the same for the People’s Republic of China.

For which person was Saigon renamed following the fall of South Vietnam in 1975?

Ho Chi Minh

Which American publicly called for a nuclear attack on China as an extension of the Korean War?

Douglas MacArthur

In which country did the Khmer Rouge take hold?

Cambodia

What was the border between the North Korea and South Korea at the beginning of the Korean War?

38 th Parallel

Approximately where was the border set between North Korea and South Korea at the time of the cease-fire in the Korean War?

38 th Parallel

In which country did the Vietcong do most of the fighting?

South Vietnam

Which president called for the “Vietnamization” of the Vietnam War?

Richard Nixon

Which country did the Soviet Union support during the Korean War?

North Korea