Jane Eyre By Charlote Bronte

Charlotte Bronte Was born of Irish ancestry in 1816 Lived at Haworth, a parsonage Mother died of cancer when Charlotte was 5 years old.

The Bront ë sisters Charlotte ( ): Jane Eyre Emily ( ): Wuthering Heights Anne: A gnes Grey

Brontë sisters’ novels Charlotte: Jane Eyre (1847,by Currer Bell) Shirley (1849, by Currer Bell, 《雪莉》 ) Villette (1853 ，《维莱特》 ) The Professor: A Tale (1857, her first written but last published ，《男教师》 ) Emily: Wuthering Heights (1847) Anne: Agnes Grey (1847) The Tenant of Wildfell Hall (1848 ，《怀德菲尔庄 园的房客》 )

Key Facts All events are told in the past from Jane ’ s point of view. The setting is early 19 th Century England. Jane Eyre is classified as both a Gothic and a Romantic novel.

Jane Eyre Jane Eyre, taking the form of autobiographies written by authoritative and reliable narrators tells a story of a child’s development and maturation. autobiographiesdevelopment and maturation Its popularity and success owns much to its exceptional emotional power. Deep inside Jane we discover Charlotte’s soul.

Autobiographical elements 1. Helen Burns’ s death recalls the death of Charlotte’s sisters at Cowan Bridge. 2. It is a work of critical realism as well as the first and one of the most popular works of the working middle- class women. 3. Jane’s experience originates from Charlotte’s own experience. It is the first governess novel in the history of English literature.

Jane Eyre Our protagonist Orphaned as a child Becomes governess at Thornfield A feisty young child, who grows into a strong woman. Embodies the English working-class woman. Will marry.... ?

Role of the Governess oWith the new stress on female education, governesses were in demand. oPay was poor, but it was one of the only jobs available to educated, yet impoverished young women. oEmployers & other servants often shunned the governess because they felt they were “ putting on airs. ” oTheir employers would often ignore them, too, because they had a superior education, which intimidated many people – especially men.

Edward Rochester Jane ’ s boss at Thornfield Gruff and rude Made wealthy by family money Benefactor to Ad è le Varens Very secretive and sometimes deceitful

Reed Family Jane ’ s family on her father ’ s side Mrs. Reed is Jane ’ s cruel aunt who sends Jane to Lowood; she locks Jane in the “ Red Room ” for punishment John, Eliza, and Georgiana are Jane ’ s spoiled cousins; they are rude and selfish; they either torment Jane or ignore her

Rivers Family Jane ’ s caretakers when she leaves Thornfield – are her cousins on her mother ’ s side. St. John – Minister at Morton, tries to get Jane to be his missionary wife Diana and Mary – kind and independent women, serve as role models for Jane (we only see one of the sisters [Mary] in the movie) St. John Rivers

Bertha Mason Bertha is locked in the attic at Thornfield Starts the bedroom fire, and eventually burns the house down Kills herself in the house fire Exotic, sensual personification of the Orient Why is she at Thornfield?

Feminism and Feminist Feminism is a discourse that involves various movements, theories, and philosophies which are concerned with the issue of gender difference, advocate equality for women, and campaign for women's rights and interests. According to some, the history of feminism can be divided into three waves. The first wave was in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the second was in the 1960s and 1970s and the third extends from the 1990s to the present. Feminist theory emerged from these feminist movements. It is manifest in a variety of disciplines such as feminist geography, feminist history and feminist literary criticism.

Sandra M. Gilbert and Susan Gubar Gilbert's critical and theoretical works, particularly those co-authored by Susan Gubar, are generally identified as texts within the realm of second-wave feminism. The Madwoman in the Attic: The Woman Writer and the Nineteenth-Century Literary Imagination "The Anxiety of Authorship"

Bloom's well-known theory of the Anxiety of Influence argues that writers suffer from an Oedipal fear and jealousy for their perceived literary "fore-fathers". As such, the unpublished writer puts himself under a great deal of pressure to break free from his most immediate, direct influences, to form his own voice, even to "kill" the threatening and over- bearing "father" of his particular literary experience and inspirations.

Gilbert and Gubar argue that this model is male- oriented, as certainly the associations of Oedipus are, and offer for women a theory of "The Anxiety of Authorship". Here, they question the ability of the anxious woman writer even to contemplate her status as an author. In a culture whose literary tradition is in vast majority a patriarchal one, with a distinct dearth of female writers, and an overabundance of flighty female characters appearing in texts authored by members of both sex, how can a woman arrive at the confident self-conception necessary to write successfully?

Where Bloom wonders how the male author can find a voice that is his own, Gilbert and Gubar wonder how a woman writer can see herself as possessing a literary voice at all. Where Bloom finds aggression and competition between male literary figures in terms of self-consciously feeling influenced and desiring to be influential, the "anxiety of authorship" identifies a "secret sisterhood" of role-models within the Western tradition who show that women can write. Even these, though, they find to be "infected" with a lack of confidence and insoluble internal contradiction of ambition curdled by the culturally- induced assumption of "the patriarchal authority of art".

Mrs. Fairfax Housekeeper at Thornfield Serves as a mother figure/role model for Jane Tells Jane about secrets of Thornfield and the Rochesters. Thornfield Manor

Other Characters Helen Burns – Jane ’ s friend at Lowood, teaches her character, dies in Jane ’ s arms Mr. Brocklehurst – cruel and dishonest master of Lowood School Miss Temple – Jane ’ s favorite teacher, positive female role model/mother figure Helen Mr. Brocklehurst Miss Temple

Other Characters (Cont.) Grace Poole – Bertha ’ s mysterious keeper, serves as Bertha ’ s scapegoat Ad è le Varens – Jane ’ s pupil, daughter of Rochester ’ s old mistress, Celene Richard Mason – Bertha ’ s brother, exposes the secret marriage Blanche Ingram – socialite after Rochester ’ s money, opposite of Jane Ad è le Blanche Ingram

Introduction Jane Eyre is an orphan in 1800s England. Jane ’ s parents died of typhus when she was a baby. Mrs. Reed, her aunt, has agreed to raise her, but she and her three children treat Jane cruelly. Yet, Mrs. Reed expects Jane to be thankful.

Jane Eyre: Introduction When Jane tries to stand up for herself, her aunt is furious. She calls Jane an ungrateful child and sends her away to a boarding school called Lowood.

Jane Eyre: Introduction At Lowood the girls... sleep two to a bed, get up before dawn, bathe in ice-cold water, get burnt porridge for breakfast, and are taught to suffer in silence.

Typhus Jane Eyre ’ s Lowood suffers an outbreak of typhus, a disease that is spread by fleas, ticks, and lice causes headaches, chills, rashes, and fevers that last up to three weeks Both tuberculosis and typhus are diseases associated with crowded, unsanitary conditions. The threat of catching one of these diseases is a major concern for the characters in Jane Eyre.

Life at Lowood The superintendent of Lowood School is Mr. Brocklehurst. Jane immediately makes friend with a girl called Helen Burns. She also admires her head teacher Miss. Temple. As a consequence of bad conditions, typhus breaks out. Many girls die, including Helen, Jane ’ s best friend Jane stays at Lowood eight years as a pupil and then two years as a teacher.

Thornfield Hall After posting an advertisement in a local paper, Jane becomes the private governess at Thornfield Hall. Her pupil is a young French girl named Adele. Thornfield Hall belongs to a Mr. Rochester Jane does not meet him for months. Finally, Mr. Rochester returns home and stays longer than usual at Thornfield Hall

Jane Eyre: A Ground Breaking Novel The heroine is small, plain, & poor The heroine is the first female character to claim the right to feel strongly about her emotions and act on her convictions This romantic ground had previously been reserved for males Such a psychologically complex heroine had never been created before

Themes 1. conflicts and strugglesconflicts and struggles 2. love versus autonomy 3. gender relations 4. social class 5. religion

Conflicts and struggles The outer conflicts between Jane and others: Appearance, status, wealth, education and so on The inner struggles in Jane: Reason and emotion Reality and imagination Her dependent position and her desire for independence Her actual inferiority and spiritual superiority

Love vs. Autonomy- The quest to be loved and the search for identity. Religion – Throughout the novel Jane struggles to find the right balance between moral duty and earthly pleasure. Social Class – Jane Eyre is critical of Victorian England’s strict social hierarchy. Bronte explores this theme through Jane’s position as a governess. Gender Relations – Jane struggles to achieve equality and overcome oppression.

Social Class Jane often feels inadequate compared to many of the other main characters in the novel. Jane feels that her love for Rochester is wrong because she isn ’ t from the same class. Class segregates Jane from her cousins on both sides, although it is more obvious on the Reed side. Blanche Ingram is the class opposite of Jane.

Religion Religion plays a huge role in this novel. Helen Burns taught Jane a view of faith and God that she could understand. Mr. Brocklehurst ’ s Evangelical view had negative effects on Jane, as did St. John River ’ s Empirical view. Even the once cruel Eliza Reed joins a French convent.

Features of Charlotte ’ s Works 1.Her works are all about the struggle of an individual consciousness towards self-realization, about some lonely and neglected young women with a fierce longing for love, understanding and a full, happy life. 2.Her writing is a combination of realism and romanticism. 3.Her writings are marked throughout by an intensity of vision and of passion.

1934: Jane Eyre, starring Colin Clive and Virginia Bruce.[7]Jane EyreColin CliveVirginia Bruce[7] 1940: Rebecca, directed by Alfred Hitchcock and based upon the novel of the same name which was influenced by Jane Eyre.[8] Joan Fontaine, who starred in this film, would also be cast in the 1944 version of Jane Eyre to reinforce the connection.[9]RebeccaAlfred Hitchcock[8]Joan Fontaine[9] 1943: I Walked with a Zombie is a horror movie loosely based upon Jane Eyre.I Walked with a Zombie 1944: Jane Eyre, with a screenplay by John Houseman and Aldous Huxley. It features Orson Welles as Mr Rochester, Joan Fontaine as Jane, Margaret O'Brien as Adele and Elizabeth Taylor as Helen Burns.Jane EyreJohn HousemanAldous Huxley Orson WellesJoan FontaineMargaret O'Brien Elizabeth Taylor 1956: A version was made in Hong Kong called The Orphan Girl.Hong Kong 1963: A version was released in Mexico called El Secreto (English: "The Secret").MexicoEnglish 1970: Jane Eyre, starring George C. Scott as Mr Rochester and Susannah York as Jane.Jane EyreGeorge C. ScottSusannah York 1972: An adaptation in Telugu, Shanti Nilayam, directed by C. Vaikuntarama Sastry, starring Anjali Devi.Telugu 1973: BBC miniseries starring Sorcha Cusack as Jane Eyre and Michael Jayston as Mr Rochester.Sorcha CusackMichael Jayston 1978: A version was released in Mexico called Ardiente Secreto (English: "Ardent Secret").MexicoEnglish 1983: BBC series starring Timothy Dalton as Mr Rochester and Zelah Clarke as Jane.Timothy DaltonZelah Clarke 1996: Jane Eyre, directed by Franco Zeffirelli and starring William Hurt as Mr Rochester, Charlotte Gainsbourg as Jane, Elle Macpherson as Blanche Ingram, Joan Plowright as Mrs. Fairfax, Anna Paquin as the young Jane, Fiona Shaw as Mrs. Reed and Geraldine Chaplin as Miss Scatcherd.Jane EyreFranco ZeffirelliWilliam HurtCharlotte GainsbourgElle MacphersonJoan PlowrightAnna PaquinFiona ShawGeraldine Chaplin 1997: Directed by Robert Young, starring Ciaran Hinds as Mr Rochester and Samantha Morton as Jane Eyre.Ciaran HindsSamantha Morton 2006: A TV adaptation originally aired on the BBC on January 21, 2007 starring Ruth Wilson as Jane and Toby Stephens as Mr Rochester. Shown in 4 parts.Ruth WilsonToby Stephens 2009: A new film starring Ellen Page in the title role. It will be produced by the BBC.Ellen Page

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