Supporting your success Blakely Paynter, DAFWA, Northam N management in barley

Supporting your success Key Messages N management in barley It is complicatedN rate more important than N timingVarieties do differ in how they respond to N

Supporting your success Why do the research? Why?

Lodging risk Source: Blakely Paynter, and Raj Malik DAFWA (14NO26) CompassFlindersGrangerLa Trobe

Grain yield Source: Blakely Paynter, Andrea Hills and Raj Malik, DAFWA, 9 V x N x SR trials ( ) Grain yield response to N: Granger < Bass, Buloke, Commander < La Trobe

Grain yield pathways 48.2 mg per grain 23.0 grains/ear 485 tillers/m mg per grain 23.8 grains/ear 545 tillers/m 2 La TrobeCompass 3.33 t/ha Source: Blakely Paynter, DAFWA (14NO45)

Grain plumpness Source: Blakely Paynter, Andrea Hills and Raj Malik, DAFWA, 9 V x N x SR trials ( ) Screenings response to N: Granger < Bass, Commander, La Trobe < Buloke

Grain protein Source: Blakely Paynter and Andrea Hills, DAFWA ( ); and NVT ( )

Supporting your success Theory would be High grain protein, plump variety Target N in early tillering to promote tillering and decrease grain protein risk Bass Poor straw strength, low grain protein, plump variety Target N around stem elongation to reduce lodging risk but increase grain protein Compass High tillering variety, moderate screenings risk Very responsive to N so good early N and some N at stem elongation to promote adequate grain protein La Trobe Poor straw strength, high screenings risk Balanced N, some at seeding and some at stem elongation Scope CL

Supporting your success What did we find? Results

Supporting your success What did we do? 6 varieties x 3 N rates x 4 N timings Design Bass, Compass, Flinders Granger, La Trobe, Scope CL Varieties 15 N, 45 N and 105 kg N/ha (as urea) N rates 0 WAS, 5 WAS, 10 WAS or evenly split at each time N timings Dandaragan, Wongan Hills, Merredin York, Cunderdin, Pingrup Locations

Overall variety response Supporting your success

V x N rate interactions Supporting your success

V x N rate interactions Supporting your success

V x N timing interactions Supporting your success

V x N timing interactions Supporting your success

N rate x N timing interactions Supporting your success

N rate x N timing interactions Supporting your success

Findings to date N management in barley Repeating trials in 2016 to finalise recommendationsN rate most important, so use timing to get the right rateAvoid late N on Bass, unless low protein year

What is the target seed rate? 41 plants/m 2 99 plants/m plants/m plants/m 2

Suggested target plant density MALT / FOOD 120 plants/m 2 Baudin Commander Granger Scope CL MALT / FOOD 150 plants/m 2 Bass Flinders Hindmarsh La Trobe FEED 180 plants/m 2 Compass Fathom Oxford Rosalind Spartacus CL ……

Use kernel weight to calculate seed rate in kg/ha Likely seed rates in kg/ha (varies with kernel weight): What is this density in kg/ha? Baudin, Commander and Granger kg/ha Scope CL kg/ha Flinders, La Trobe and Hindmarsh kg/ha Bass kg/ha Feed barley varieties kg/ha

Barley variety menu for 2016 Rosalind, Oxford and Spartacus CL Baudin and Commander Flinders, Granger and Hindmarsh Bass, La Trobe and Scope CL Nibbles Appetiser Entrée Mains

Bass Powdery mildew and barley leaf rust require fungicide management Strong market demand Selection rate as malt higher than any other malt variety Baudin Strong market demand Now a niche barley due to high disease risk and lower yield potential Commander Production below demand Low protein can be a problem, needs late N Straw strength a major production issue in target environments Flinders Small segregation at Cranbrook to be used for international market development, with positive outlook from Australian maltsters Short strawed barley ideal to replace Baudin with better mildew and rust resistance Notes on malt barley varieties

Granger Strong agronomic credentials including resistance to powdery mildew and leaf rust No tonnage to date for international market development from WA Volume needed in 2016 to ensure segregations to allow market development from WA La Trobe Starting to take over Hindmarsh’s role as most popular variety in WA Smut and STNB are major issues requiring good management International markets starting to recognise La Trobe as a malt barley Scope CL Good market demand Future volumes to be challenged by release of Spartacus CL Do not use imi-herbicides other than Intervix® on Scope CL Notes on malt barley varieties

Compass Malt accreditation delayed another year, earliest now 2018 Economics don’t support growing in 2016 as it doesn’t regularly out- yield La Trobe Rosalind (tested as IGB1302) Has 2 – 9% yield advantage over La Trobe across Agzones Yield advantage almost enough to justify growing, do the numbers for this area Spartacus CL (tested as IGB1334T) Registered for use with Intervix® in 2016 Has 15 – 17% yield advantage over Scope CL (except Agzone 3) Treat seed with a good quality smuticide and watch for STNB Being assessed for its potential as a malt barley, accreditation target is 2018 Notes on feed barley varieties

Barley was 1.5+ t/ha higher yielding than wheat with mid-April planting Barley varieties tested – Bass, Baudin, Compass, Flinders, Granger, Lockyer, La Trobe, Maltstar, Oxford, Rosalind, Scope CL and Urambie Wheat varieties tested – ADV , Bremer, Calingiri, Cutlass, Harper, LPB , Mace, Magenta, Trojan, Whistler, Yitpi and Zen Is barley the best wheat for April sowing? Source: Brenda Shackley, Blakely Paynter, Christine Zaicou, Jeremy Curry and Raj Malik, DAFWA

Thank you DAFWA barley agronomy team Northam: Blakely Paynter, Georgia Trainor, Sue Cartledge Katanning: Raj Malik, Rod Bowey Esperance: Jeremy Curry, Rachel Brunt Our research is supported by DAFWA with co-funding from the GRDC (DAW00224) Important disclaimer The Chief Executive Officer of the Department of Agriculture and Food and the State of Western Australia accept no liability whatsoever by reason of negligence or otherwise arising from the use or release of this information or any part of it. Copyright © Western Australian Agriculture Authority, 2016