Grammar analysis Unit 4

Grammar analysis some, any, each, all, every and their compounds countable and uncountable nouns prepositions

any, each, all, every & their compounds Some, any, all, each and every can be used together with other words to build new compounds, such as someone, anywhere, everything, etc. But the basic usages of these words don’t change. For example, generally we still use some- in positive sentences, and use any- in non-affirmative contexts or to refer to non-specific, unspecified things. We still use every- to emphasize we are talking about a group as a whole rather than as individuals.

e.g. I was visiting some friends last week. It was impossible to see anything in the dark. Everyone was waiting to hear the results. (= All were waiting to hear the results.)

(1) 四个词都可用作形容词，后面接名词； any, each, all 也可用作不定代词，单独使用或后接 of 短语， 而 every 不能用作代词。 (2)Each, all, every 都可用来概况全体，但强调重点 不同。 Each （每个）是逐个考虑总体，具有个 别性； all （全部）是整体性地考虑总体，具有 概况性； every （每个）是考虑总体中的所有成 员，与 all 很接近。 (3)Any, every 可以加上 one, body, thing 等所组成的 复合不定代词，表示人或物，而 each, all 不能组 成复合不定代词。此外， any 还可以与 how, where 等词组成复合副词。

I. 1. That book is so badly printed that there is a printer’s error on every page. So each / every page will have to be reset before we reprint. 2. He is really worried about his daught as she is everything to him. 3. Let’s sit down anywhere and talk. 4. Burglaries are such an everyday occurrence in big cities that most newspapers do not bother to report them. 5. I must get to the shops somehow or other this afternoon. I haven’t got anything in the house for supper. 6. Do you know anyone who would be interested in a position as a receptionist in our office? We need someone with a really friendly manner. 8. She left her handbag somewhere and now she can’t find it.

II. Explain the underlined part 1)a seriousness: a kind of seriousness 2)a devotion: a kind of devotion 3)a great joy: people that cause joy 4)the waters: the water of the stated river 5)a zeal: a kind of zeal 6)many teas: many kinds of tea 7)a distraction: something that distracted 8)a disappointment: something that made him disappointed

Practice III – VI, p.71-72

III. 1. C 2. C 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.C 8.B

IV. 1.in 2.since 3.behind 4.in, by 5.in 6.to, for 7.by, for, by, in/under, of 8.by, of, in, around 9.to, in, with, on, in 10.under

V. Correct the errors 1.√ 2.She put her hands above her eyes and began to cry.(over) 3.She looked out of the window. Twenty feet under her, in the garden, was a fox. (below) 4.There was so much traffic, I was fortunate to get through the road without being knocked over. (across) 5. √ 6. Am I on your way? I can move over a bit and make room for you. (in) 7. √ 8. He would always arrive around ten in night carrying his guitar and a bunch of flowers. (at)

elements