Atoms, Isotopes, and Ions Section 5.1 Pages 140-143.

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Presentation transcript:

Atoms, Isotopes, and Ions Section 5.1 Pages

Subatomic Particles and the Elements Each element has a unique number of protons. ▫Number of protons defines the element.

Subatomic Particles and the Elements Copy the sentence and fill in the blank. Since atoms are neutral, for every proton there is a/n _________. ELECTRON

Terms Atomic number = number of protons in an atom ▫Also indicates the number of electrons in the atom. ▫Finding atomic number on the periodic table.

Terms Mass number = sum of the # of protons and the # neutrons in the nucleus of an atom Atomic Mass = protons + neutrons ▫FOR MOST ELEMENTS THE MASS NUMBER IF NOT ON THE PERIODIC TABLE.  You will be given enough information to determine mass number or number of neutrons.

Terms Copy the sentence and fill in the blank. Isotopes = atoms of a given element that differ in mass number ▫Isotopes have the same number of _____________. ▫Isotopes differ in the number of _______. ▫Same number of Protons ▫Differ in the number of Neutrons

FAQ - Isotopes Where is the mass number found on the periodic table? What’s the atomic mass number? Is it the same as the mass number?

Ion Formation- Ions are formed when atoms gain or lose electrons. ▫Proton and neutron numbers are do not change when an ion forms.

Ions - Terms Ion – charged atom or group of atoms ▫Metals = positively charged ion  Metals lose electrons ▫Nonmetals = negatively charged ion  Nonmetals gain electrons

Ions Na atom __11___ protons__11___ electrons Na + ion _11____ protons_10____ electrons

Sodium Ion ___________ __________ 11 Protons11 Electrons Attract and Cancel Out = 0 11 Protons 10 Electrons Attract ( = + 1)

Ions Calcium atom: __20___ protons_20____ electrons Ca 2+ ion (Metals lose electrons) _20____ protons__18___ electrons (20+) (18 - ) 2+

Ions Sulfur atom __16___ protons__16___ electrons S 2- ion (Nonmetals gain) _16____ protons__18___ electrons (16+) (18-) 2-

TEXTBOOK READ pages

Ion Charge and the Periodic Table Group #Ion Charge# e - lost/gained I A1+1 e - lost II A2+2 e - lost III A metals3+3 e - lost V A nonmetals3-3 e - gained VI A nonmetals2-2 e - gained VII A1-1 e - gained

Draw and Fill in the Chart Element/IonAtomic NumberNumber of Protons Number of Neutrons Number of Electrons Mass Number Ag