Constitution and the New Republic Chapter 6

Main Themes How and why the Constitution replaced the Articles of Confederation. How differing views of what the nation should become led to the rise of America’s first political parties. The way in which the new United States was able to establish itself as a nation in the eyes of foreign power and of its own people. The rise and fall of the Federalist Party.

IDs 1.Alexander Hamilton 2.James Madison 3.Virginia Plan 4.The Great Compromise 5.Separation of Powers 6.The Federalist Papers 7.Judiciary Act of Election of Whiskey Rebellion 10. Neutrality Act 11. Jay’s Treaty 12. Pinckney’s Treaty 13. Election of Alien and Sedition Acts 15. Election of 1800

Outlining the Chapter Constitution and the New Republic Framing a New Government Advocates of Centralization Supporters of a Strong National Government Alexander Hamilton A Divided Convention The Founding Fathers The Virginia Plan

Constitution of 1787 James Madison – major contributor and political genius Major questions: sovereignty and limiting power How could national and state gov. exercies sovereignty at the same time? Answer: power came from the people Nobody is truly sovereign

Constitution and government “supreme law” of the land States could not defy Federal government powers Power to tax, regulate commerce, control currency and pass laws Gone was states retaining all undelegated powers

Power Keep gov. close to the people to avoid tyranny Large republic better So many fractions no one can take total control Separation of Powers Executive, judicial and legislative Checks and balances Creation of a law

Federalists and Antifederalists Constitution specified that 9 of 13 states had to ratify Could then be amended Federalists were better organized Had Franklin and Washington Hamilton, Madison and Jay wrote essays explaining the Constitution (Publius) Condensed into a book – Federalist Papers

Antifederalists Would establish a tyrannical government Increase taxes, obliterate the states, dictorial powers, favor well born over common people Lacked a bill of rights Federalists feared disorder and chaos Unchecked power of the masses Antifederalists feared concentration of powers