Jump Start I am out today for a conferenceI am out today for a conference You will complete the Reptile and Ave (Bird) NotesYou will complete the Reptile and Ave (Bird) Notes Work on Phyla Book through page 30Work on Phyla Book through page 30 Big Vertebrate quiz on ThursdayBig Vertebrate quiz on Thursday

Reptiles Class Reptilia

Characteristics IntegumentaryIntegumentary –Dry, scaly skin - sheds w/ growth, claws Skeletal/ MuscularSkeletal/ Muscular –Endoskeleton; Larger limbs that can carry more body weight, some legless species

Characteristics CirculationCirculation –3 to 4 chambered heart; closed-double loop circulation ReproductiveReproductive –Internal fertilization, oviparous, some are ovoviviparous, amniotic eggs

Characteristics NervousNervous –Larger cerebrum/cerebellum than amphibians, well developed sensory organs, chemical & some heat sensation RespiratoryRespiratory –Spongy lungs with large surface area, muscles to expand/contract chest cavity

Characteristics DigestiveDigestive –Herbivores & carnivores; many have long digestive systems --> help break down food ExcretionExcretion –Kidneys; urine contains ammonia (aquatic) or uric acid (terrestrial)

Characteristics Body TemperatureBody Temperature –Ectothermic HabitatHabitat –Live everywhere except in extreme cold, terrestrial

Evolution The first vertebrate to reproduce on dry land.The first vertebrate to reproduce on dry land.

Groups of Reptiles Lizards & Snakes – some produce venomLizards & Snakes – some produce venom

Groups of Reptiles Crocodilians – long, broad snout; carnivoresCrocodilians – long, broad snout; carnivores

Groups of Reptiles Turtles & Tortoises – turtle (aquatic) & tortoises (terrestrial); shell built into skeletonTurtles & Tortoises – turtle (aquatic) & tortoises (terrestrial); shell built into skeleton

Groups of Reptiles Tuatara – resemble lizards; no external ears & have primitive scalesTuatara – resemble lizards; no external ears & have primitive scales

Jump Start Check your grades – got ?s  see me before or after schoolCheck your grades – got ?s  see me before or after school On a piece of paper, write the terms that correspond to the following:On a piece of paper, write the terms that correspond to the following: –The supporting rod that runs through the body –The body temperature is determined by the environment –First vertebrate to reproduce on land –Four characteristics of chordates

BIRDS Class Aves

Characteristics IntegumentaryIntegumentary –Feathers, bipedal (two legs covered in scales), syrinx (song box) SkeletalSkeletal –Endoskeleton; hollow bones; most can fly, large muscles for flight

Characteristics Circulatory –4 chambered heart, 2 separate loops, complete separation of oxygen rich and oxygen poor blood Reproductive –Internal fertilization, oviparous, amniotic eggs with hard outer shells Right atrium Left atrium Complete division Heart Domestic pigeon Left ventricle Right ventricle

P 2 = slate What are two differences between an amphibian and bird heart?

Characteristics NervousNervous –Brain, adapted to quickly interpret signals, keen sight, good hearing, poor smell and taste RespiratoryRespiratory –Lungs & posterior air sacs for gas exchange, air flows in a single direction, helps maintain metabolic rate

Characteristics DigestiveDigestive –Beaks that are adapted to type of food they eat, no teeth, crop, stomach, and gizzard ExcretoryExcretory –Uric acid deposited in cloaca where water is absorbed Esophagus Crop Liver First chamber of stomach Gizzard Small intestine Cloaca Pancreas Air sac Kidney Heart Lung Brain When a bird eats, food moves down the esophagus and is stored in the crop. As digestion continues, the food moves through the intestines. Undigested food is excreted through the cloaca. Large intestine The muscular walls of the gizzard squeeze the contents, while small stones grind the food. Moistened food passes to the stomach, a two-part chamber. The first chamber secretes acid and enzymes. The partially digested food moves to the second chamber, the gizzard.

P 2 = slate List in order the digestive organs that food travels through in a bird.

Characteristics Body TemperatureBody Temperature –Endothermic HabitatHabitat –Land, migrate

Evolution Evolved from extinct reptiles

Groups of Birds 1.Pelican & Relatives 2.Birds of Prey 3.Parrots 4.Cavity-nesting birds 5.Perching birds 6. Herons & Relatives 7. Ostriches & Relatives