Evaluation of Parenting Style RDG690/PARENT PARTNERSHIPS AND FAMILY LITERACY LUCY HOUSTON PRESENTER

“ We know very little of the ways in which the personal biographies and educative styles of families shape the literate experiences of children, or of how the children themselves initiate, absorb, and synthesize the educational influences in their lives.” −DENNY TAYLOR

Parenting Interactions With Children Checklist of Observations (PICCOLO) English & Spanish Roggman, L. A., Cook, G. A., Innocenti, M.S., Jump Norman, V. K., & Christiansen, K. (2009). PICCOLO (Parenting Interactions With Children: Checklist of Observations Linked to Outcomes) user’s guide. Logan, UT: Utah State University. SCREENING AND ASSESSMENT TOOL

Purpose of PICCOLO Measure positive parenting behaviors of 1 to 3 year olds Predicts children's early social, cognitive, and language development. Knowledge of parent literacy practices can help educators facilitate literacy development. Individualized interventions Track the positive outcomes of your parent support program.

Reliability Research Based “According to the website, to develop PICCOLO, the project used an archive of over existing videotapes of parent-child interactions, along with outcome data on the children, from the national Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project. The 4 domains included in the PICCOLO parenting measure were selected based on reliability, validity analyses, and feedback from coders and practitioners. PICCOLO has been field tested with the Bear River Head Start, the Davis Early Head Start, and Guadalupe Schools Early Childhood Program to evaluate the usefulness of the measure for practitioners.”

PICCOLO User's Guide About the Authors Preface Acknowledgments Understanding PICCOLO What is PICCOLO? PICCOLO Psychometric Properties Research Literature Evidence for the PICCOLO Domains Learning to Use PICCOLO PICCOLO Observation Notes Domain Summaries Using PICCOLO Doing PICCOLO Observations PICCOLO Reliability Criteria Using PICCOLO with Families Using PICCOLO with Children who are Older, Younger, or have Disabilities Using PICCOLO with Fathers (PICCOLO-D) Practitioner Questions about PICCOLO (FAQ) How Was PICCOLO Developed? Appendix A. PICCOLO DVD video clip scores Appendix B. PICCOLO in Spanish Technical Report References Index

During activity Jot down interesting facts, comments or questions about PICCOLO for Ticket out activity.

Training Training DVDs: 14 DVD clips of parent–child interactions to help you practice observing and scoring Training of Trainers Institute – 3 days Seminars – 3 days/1 day introduction and 2 days practice Webinar

Test Construction Test manual: Starter Kit includes the PICCOLO™ User's Guide and one package of PICCOLO™ formsPICCOLO™ forms 29 items organized by four domains: 1) Affection (7 items): warmth, physical closeness, and positive expressions toward child (2) Responsiveness (7 items): responding to child’s cues, emotions, words, interests, and behaviors (3) Encouragement of Autonomy (7 items): active support of exploration, effort, skills, initiative, curiosity, creativity, and play (4) Teaching (8 items): shared conversation and play, cognitive stimulation, explanations, and questions Culturally sensitive and relevant - based on 4,500 video observations of 2,000 diverse families Test materials/Cost : $55 per starter kit including user’s guide (106 pages) and 25 forms; $25 per 25 forms; $150 per training DVD.

Administration Entry, mid-year and/or exit Examiner: Family support professionals such as home visitors, child development specialists, family educators, parenting class leaders, infant mental health clinicians, or people in other similar positions who work with parents to support their children’s development Test directions: Observation using Parenting Interactions with Children Checklist Technology supports for administration: video tapping recommended Testing Time: 10 minutes

Sample Items: Affections/Responsiveness/Encouragement/Teaching com/documents/PICCOLO- sample-items.pdf Item: Parent speaks in a warm tone of voice Observation guidelines: Parent’s voice is positive in tone and may show enthusiasm or tenderness. A parent who speaks little but very warmly should be coded highly. Scores: 0 = “absent”—no behavior observed 1 = “barely, ”brief, minor, or emerging behavior 2 = “clearly”—definite, strong, or frequent behavior

Accommodations and Adaptations Examinees with disabilities – listed in guide, unable access Multicultural adaptability – “culturally sensitive”, additional information inaccessible.

Scores and Scoring Scoring procedures: 1.4 parenting domains: Affection, Responsiveness, Encouragement, Teaching. 2.Each item is scored as 0 = absent (behavior not observed), 1 = barely (brief, minor, or emerging behavior observed), or 2 = clearly (definite, strong, or frequent behavior observed). 3.Assessors add scores for each item to calculate a domain score. No overall score is calculated.

Interpretation Score interpretation: The authors provide a scoring grid that may be used to interpret domain scores by age. The grid summarizes scores indicative of high risk, moderate risk, and strength (e.g., low/no risk) for each domain such that risk corresponds to suboptimal toddler development. The scoring grid is helpful for identifying families’ strengths and areas that need improvement.

Interpreting Parent-Child interactions in different cultures

Reviews Review by: Jennifer Cahill, and Parents/Family Support Specialists of MHCC Early Head Start Home Based Program “The use of the PICCOLO has been an exciting step in our Early Head Start Home Based Program... Parents report that they have become more engaged with their children and have learned the importance of affection, teaching, responsiveness, and encouragement and the impact that positive interactions have on a child's development.” Review by: David Belford, MSW, Program Planning Manager, University of New Mexico Center for Development & Disability “A tool that is useful not only for observation, but also a wonderful way to engage parents that encourages their confidence and competence as parents.” Review by: Moira Rampton, In-Home Program Coordinator, Guadalupe School “As users of the PICCOLO for the past seven years, we have come to rely on its effectiveness in offering our parents a way to view and evaluate their parenting techniques.” Review by: Linda Wollesen, Director, Life Skill Outcomes, LLC “Weaves together a structure for grounded observations that suggest concrete ways to support positive parenting behaviors that are the foundation of who the child becomes. The PICCOLO captures the sweet sounds that are the essence of parenting."

Links to intervention Communicating test results – scoring grid summarizes results. Linking test scores to intervention - Scores used to develop individualized parenting plan.

Ticket Out Share an observation about the reliability, construction, administration, scoring, interpretation of the assessment or video. or Ask a question.